Bacterial Morphology, Ultrastructure and Composition Flashcards
Self-replicating DNA molecules independent of chromosomal DNA
Plasmids
A biopolymer of alternating units of N-acetyl-D-muramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine bound by B-glycosidic linkages
Peptidoglycan layer
PG layer is found in all bacterial cell walls except
Mycoplasma
Region between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane of the gram (-) envelope
Periplasmic space
A polymer of ribitol or glycerol phosphate
Ic acid
Responsible for virulence and negative charge of cell surface
Teichoic acid
A component which is unique in gram (-) and which hinders the passage of relatively large molecules
Outer membrane
Stabilize the outer membrane and anchor it to the PG layer
Lipoproteins
Permit the passive diffusion of low-molecular-weight hydrophilic compounds like sugars, amino acids and certain ions
Porins
Responsible for the nonspecific endotoxin activity of gram (-) bacteria
Lipopolysaccharides
Responsible for the toxicity of the molecule
Lipid A
Contributes to the invasiveness of pathogenic bacteria
Capsule
Presence of antigenic diversity influence
Pathogenesis
Effective vaccine preparation
Ability to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis
Plays a role in the adherence of bacteria to surfaces in their environment
Glycocalyx
Responsible for locomotion/motility
Flagella
