Stereotypic Movement Disorder Flashcards
What is the diagnostic criteria for SMD?
A. Repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless motor behavior (e.g., hand
shaking or waving, body rocking, head banging, self-biting, hitting own body).
B. The repetitive motor behavior interferes with social, academic, or other activities and may result in self-injury.
C. Onset is in the early developmental period.
D. The repetitive motor behavior is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or neurological condition and is not better explained by another neurodevelopmental or mental disorder (e.g., trichotillomania [hair-pulling disorder], obsessivecompulsive disorder).
Describe the severity of SMD.
Mild: Symptoms are easily suppressed by sensory stimulus or distraction.
Moderate: Symptoms require explicit protective measures and behavioral modification.
Severe: Continuous monitoring and protective measures are required to prevent serious injury
What is the prevalence of SMD?
Simple stereotypic movements (e.g., rocking) are common in young typically developing children. Complex stereotypic movements are much less common (occurring in approximately 3%-4%). Between 4% and 16% of individuals with intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) engage in stereotypy and self-injury. Among individuals with intellectual disability living in residential facilities, 10%-15% may have stereotypic movement disorder with self-injury.
