Stereotypes and Ageing

Question 1

What is the biomedical model?

Answer 1

• Traditionally medicine is not interested in the psychological or social factors
• Biomedical model dominant in Western medicine
– Illness understood in terms of biological and physiological processes
– treatment involves physical intervention (drugs, surgery)

Question 2

What is the biopsychosocial model (with diagram)?

Answer 2

• The idea that the biological, psychological & social aspects are all linked:

Psychological= cognition, emotion, behaviour
Social= social class, employment status, social support
Biological= physiology, genetics, pathogens

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=YU3U_vD0IxpnXM&tbnid=_iB5GYCDHOYaXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fnursingplanet.com%2Ftheory%2Fbiopsychosocial_model.html&ei=gPGtUqrtOYem0AWR5IHACA&bvm=bv.57967247,d.ZGU&psig=AFQjCNE5PidcJLWvKQFj6cx_tVOc96yEXw&ust=1387217547919902

Question 3

What main points does the biopsychosocial model make?

Answer 3

• See patients as real people
• Causal influence of thoughts, feelings, motivation & behaviour on health and illness
• Diagnosis & treatment (adherence)
• Doctors have a role in changing health behaviour e.g. smoking cessation
• Doctors have to see people with mental health problems
• Important to understand feelings & emotions e.g. reactions to diagnosis & coping with illness

Question 4

Give the definition of stereotype

Answer 4

Generalisationswemakeaboutspecificsocial groups,andmembersofthosegroups. (Cognitive component)

Question 5

What is schemata?

Answer 5

The brain reflex that underlies stereotyopes produces an organised pattern of though that overlooks diversity

Question 6

Why do we have stereotypes?

Answer 6

‘Social schemata’
It is or brain’s way to deal with information. Makes generalisations when knowledge is organised in schemata but overlooks the individual.

Question 7

Give the definition of prejudice

Answer 7

Our attitudes and pre-judgement often based on negative stereotype (evaluative&affectivecomponent)

Question 8

What is discrimination?

Answer 8

Behavingdifferentlywithpeoplefromdifferentgroupsbecauseoftheirgroupmembership (behavioural component)

Question 9

When are we more likely to rely on stereotypes?

Answer 9

timepressure, info overload,fatiguedorsuffering

Question 10

How can you avoid prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 10

1) Getting to know members of other groups

2) Reflective practice

Question 11

Why do we need to be aware of ageist stereotypes against old people?

Answer 11

It is veryprevalentincontemporaryculture

Question 12

Give an example of an ageist stereotype

Answer 12

• “Intellectual deterioration is the norm…”
• “Old people are unable to innovate and adapt to
change…”
• “Old age is a period of personal stagnation…”
• “Old people tend to be rigid, cantankerous and
introverted…”

Question 13

What is the most age sensitive component of intelligence?

Answer 13

Processing speed (also tend to hold onto crystallised intelligence over fluid)

Question 14

Explain the disengagement model

Answer 14

Used in successful aging theory. Disengagementfromsocialinvolvementasanadaptivemechanism.

Question 15

Explain the activity model

Answer 15

Used in the sussful ageing theory. Successfulageingrequiresmaximalengagementinallareasoflife