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Step 2 Secrets > Step 2 Secrets > Flashcards

Step 2 Secrets Flashcards

1
Q

Colorectal CA screening in an ASx Patient w/ Colonoscopy

A

> 50 y/o for all studies Q10years

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2
Q

Colorectal CA screening in Ulcerative Colitis Patient w/ Colonoscopy

A

Regardless of age, 1st Screening at 8 years s/p diagnosis, then Q1-2years thereafter. If patient has subtotal colectomy with minimal disease in Right colon, Can push to Q3-4 years

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3
Q

Colorectal CA screening in FAP Patient w/ colonoscopy

A

Q1-2years if they have not had a colectomy.

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4
Q

Flexible sigmoidoscopy for Colorectal CA screening in ASx Pt

A

> 50 y/o; Q5yrs

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5
Q

Double - contrast Barium enema for ASx Pt Colorectal CA screening

A

> 50 y/o; Q5yrs

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6
Q

CT Colonography for ASx Pt Colorectal CA screening

A

> 50 y/o; Q5yrs

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7
Q

FOBT for ASx Patient Colorectal CA Screening

A

> 50y/o; Q1yr

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8
Q

FICT for ASx Pt Colorectal CA Screening

A

> 50y/o; Q1yr (FICT: Fecal Immunochemical Testing)

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9
Q

DRE can be used for what types of CA screening and at what interval?

A

DRE: Digital Rectal Exam; Colon, Prostate

>40y/o; Q1yr

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10
Q

PSA test for Prostate CA Screening - interval?

A

> 50y/o; offer annually

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11
Q

Pap Smear for Cervical CA Screening - interval?

A

Begin at 21yrs of age regardless of sexual history
Pap Smear Q1yr from 21-30y/o
Q2-3yrs for >30y/o + 3 neg. pap tests
If HPV test + Pap are all neg - Q3yrs

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12
Q

Pelvic Exam for Gynecologic CA screening - interval?

A

21-64y/o; Annually - After 3 nml exams, Q3yrs

>65y/o, annually

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13
Q

Endometrial CA screening - screening test + rec’s?

A

Endometrial biopsy at Menopause; No rev’s for routine screening if ASx

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14
Q

Breast CA screening - Breast self exam rec’s?

A

> 20y/o; Benefits + Limitations discussed w/patient

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15
Q

Breast CA screening - Physician physical exam rec’s?

A

Q3yrs

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16
Q

Mammography rec’s for Breast CA screening

A

> 40y/o; Q1yr

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17
Q

Lung CA Screening rec’s?

A

> 40y/o;
Sputum, CXR: ASx Patient = no screening recommended, even if high risk

CT Scan: 55-74y/o who have smoked > 30pack years

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18
Q

CC localized to RUQ could indicate what organs?

A

RUQ: Gallbladder, biliary (cholecystitis, cholangitis), liver

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19
Q

CC localized to LUQ could indicate what organs?

A

LUQ: Spleen

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20
Q

CC localized to RLQ could indicate what organs?

A

RLQ: Appendix, PID, Colon, Ovarian Dx

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21
Q

CC localized to LLQ could indicate what organs?

A

LLQ: Sigmoid colon (i.e. diverticulitis), PID, Ovarian Dx

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22
Q

CC localized to epigastrum could indicate what organs?

A

Epigastrum: Stomach, Pancreas

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23
Q

Wrist Drop:

  • Nerve?
  • Motor & Sensory Fx?
  • Clinical Scenario?
A

Wrist Drop

  • Radial Nerve
  • Motor: Loss of wrist extension (Wrist Drop)
  • Sensory: Back of forearm, back of hand (first 3 digits)
  • Scenario: Humeral Fracture
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24
Q

Claw Hand

  • Nerve?
  • Motor & Sensory Fx?
  • Clinical Scenario?
A

Claw Hand

  • Ulnar Nerve
  • Motor: Loss of Finger Abduction
  • Sensory: Front and Back of last two digits
  • Scenario: Elbow Dislocation
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25
Q

Loss of thumb opposition & Pronation

  • Nerve?
  • Motor & Sensory Fx?
  • Clinical Scenario?
A

Loss of thumb opposition & Pronation

  • Median Nerve
  • Motor: Loss of Pronation and thumb opposition
  • Sensory: Palmar Surface of hand (1st 3 digits)
  • Scenario: Carpal tunnel Syndrome, Humeral Fracture
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26
Q

Loss of Abduction & Lateral Rotation

  • Nerve?
  • Motor & Sensory Fx?
  • Clinical Scenario?
A

Loss of Abduction & Lateral Rotation

  • Axillary Nerve
  • Motor: Loss of Abduction & Lateral Rotation
  • Sensory: Lateral Shoulder
  • Scenario: Upper humeral dislocation or fracture
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27
Q

Foot Drop

  • Nerve?
  • Motor & Sensory Fx?
  • Clinical Scenario?
A

Foot Drop

  • Peroneal Nerve
  • Motor: Loss of dorsiflexion & Eversion (Foot Drop)
  • Sensory: Dorsal Foot and Lateral Leg
  • Scenario: Knee dislocation
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28
Q

Antidote to Acetaminophen Overdose

A

Acetylcysteine

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29
Q

Antidote to Benzodiazepines Overdose

A

Flumazenil

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30
Q

Antidote to Beta-Blockers Overdose

A

Glucagon

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31
Q

Antidote to Carbon Monoxide Overdose

A

100% High Flow O2

If Critical CO poisoning, use hyperbaric chamber

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32
Q

Antidote to Cholinesterase Inhibitors Overdose

A

Atropine, Pralidoxime

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33
Q

Antidote to Copper or Gold Overdose

A

Penicillamine

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34
Q

Antidote to Digoxin Overdose

A

Normalize K+ and other electrolytes

Dig Fragment Antibodies

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35
Q

Antidote to Iron Overdose

A

Desfuroxamine

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36
Q

Antidote to Lead Overdose

A

Edetate (EDTA) - Adult

Succimer - Children

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37
Q

Antidote to Methanol or Ethylene Glycol Overdose

A

Fomepizole

Old School - Ethanol

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38
Q

Antidote to Muscarinic Blockers Overdose

A

Physostigmine

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39
Q

Antidote to Opioids Overdose

A

Naloxone

40
Q

Antidote to Quinidine or TCAs Overdose

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

41
Q

Buzz Word: Friction Rub

A

Pericarditis

42
Q

Buzz Word: Kussmaul breathing (deep, rapid breathing)

A

DKA

43
Q

Buzz Word: Kayser-Fleisher ring in the eye

A

Wilson Dx

44
Q

Buzz Word: Bitot Spots

A

Vit. A Df.

45
Q

Buzz Word: Dendritic Corneal Ulcers on Fluorescein stain of the eye

A

Herpetic Kertitis

46
Q

Buzz Word: Cherry red-spot on the macula WITHOUT hepatosplenomegaly

A

Tay-Sachs Disease

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

47
Q

Buzz Word: Cherry red-spot on the macula WITH hepatosplenomegaly

A

Neimann-Pick Disease

48
Q

Buzz Word: Bronze skin + Diabetes

A

Hemochromatosis

49
Q

Buzz Word: Malar rash on the face

A

SLE

50
Q

Buzz Word: Heliotrope rash (purplish rash on the eyelids)

A

Dermatomyositis

51
Q

Buzz Word: Clue Cells

A

Gardnerella vaginalis infection

52
Q

Buzz Word: Meconium ilius

A

CF

53
Q

Buzz Word: Rectal Prolapse

A

CF

54
Q

Buzz Word: Salty-Tasting Skin

A

CF

55
Q

Buzz Word: Cafe-au-lait spots with normal IQ

A

Neurofibromatosis

56
Q

Buzz Word: Cafe-au-lait Spots with low IQ

A

Tuberous Sclerosis

McCune-Albright Syndrome

57
Q

Buzz Word: Worst HA of your life

A

SAH

58
Q

Buzz Word: Abdominal striae

A

Cushing’s Syndrome

Pregnancy

59
Q

Buzz Word: Honey ingestion

A

Infant Botulism

60
Q

Buzz Word: LLQ tenderness / rebound

A

Diverticulitis

61
Q

Buzz Word: Children who torture animals

A

Conduct Ds

62
Q

Buzz Word: Currant Jelly Stools in Children

A

Intussusception

63
Q

Buzz Word: Ambiguous genitalia and hypotension

A

21-Hydroxylase Df. In Girls

64
Q

Buzz Word: Cat-like cry in an infant

A

Cri-du-chat syndrome (Chromosome 21)

65
Q

Buzz Word: Infant weight >10lb.

A

Suspect maternal DM

66
Q

Buzz Word: Anaphylaxis to IVIG

A

IgA Df.

67
Q

Buzz Word: Pot-partum fever unresponsive to BS ABx

A

Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis

68
Q

Buzz Word: Increased HbA2 and anemia

A

Thalassemia (Beta)

69
Q

Buzz Word: Heavy young woman with papilledema and negative CT/MR of head

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

70
Q

Buzz Word: Low-grade fever in 1st 24hrs s/p surgery

A

Atelectasis

71
Q

Buzz Word: Vietnam Vet

A

PTSD

72
Q

Buzz Word: Bilateral Hilar Adenopathy in young AA patient

A

Sarcoidosis (F>M)

73
Q

Buzz Word: Sudden death in young athlete

A

HOCM

74
Q

Buzz Word: Fractures in young child and/or bruises in various stages of healing

A

Child Abuse

75
Q

Buzz Word: Absent breath sounds in Trauma Pt.

A

PTX

76
Q

Buzz Word: Shopping Sprees

A

Mania

77
Q

Buzz Word: Constant clearing of throat in child or teen

A

Tourette Syndrome

78
Q

Buzz Word: Intermittent bursts of swearing

A

Tourette Syndrome

79
Q

Buzz Word: Koilocytosis

A

HPV or CMV

80
Q

Buzz Word: Koilonychia (spooned nails)

A

Hypoxia

MC: Iron Df. Anemia

81
Q

Buzz Word: Rash that develops after admin. of Ampicillin or Amoxicillin for sore-throat

A

EBV infection

82
Q

Buzz Word: Cataplexy

A

Narcolepsy

83
Q

Buzz Word: Facial Port Wine Stain and Seizures

A

Sturge Weber Syndrome

84
Q

Beck Triad

A

Cardiac Tamponade

Triad: muffled heart sounds, JVD, hypotension

85
Q

Charcot Triad

A

Cholangitis

Triad: RUQ pain + Fever + Jaundice

86
Q

Reynold’s Pentad

A

Obstructive Ascending Cholangitis

Pentad: Charcot Triad (RUQ Pain + Fever + Jaundice) + AMS + Dec. BP/ Shock

87
Q

Brudzinski sign

A

Pain on neck flexion with meningeal irritation (meningitis)

88
Q

Courvoisier Sign

A

Palpable, painless gallbladder + Jaundice (Pancreatic CA)

89
Q

Cullen Sign

A

Bluish discoloration of the periumbilical area (pancreatitis + Retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

90
Q

Cushing Reflex

A

High ICP

Elevated BP + Bradycardia + Irregular respirations

91
Q

Grey-Turner Sign

A

Bluish discoloration of the flanks (pancreatitis + Retroperitoneal hemorrhage)

92
Q

Homans sign

A

DVT

Calf pain with foot dorsiflexion

93
Q

Kehr sign

A

Spleen Rupture

Pain in the Left Shoulder

94
Q

Leriche Syndrome

A

Aortoiliac Occlusive Dx

Claudication and atrophy of the buttocks with impotence

95
Q

Phren Sign

A

Elevation of the painful testicle relieves pain
If (+): Epididymitis
If (-): Testicular Torsion

96
Q

Signs Associated with Hypocalcemia

A 
Trousseau Sign (Tetany w/ BP cuff around calf)
Chovstek Sign (tapping over mandibular nerve = tetany)
97
Q

Dactylitis

A

“Sausage Digit”

- Psoriatic Arthritis

Step 2 Secrets (3 decks)

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