Step 2 CK Flashcards
Alzheimer’s tx
Cholinesterase inh: donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
NMDA antag: memantine
Vit E
Parkinson’s dz tx
DA agonists: levodopa, carbidopa, bromocroptine, amantadine
Antichol: benztropine, trihecyphenidyl
MAO B inhibitor: selegiline
Cholinesterase inhibitors
donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, physostigmine
-tx Alzheimers
Anticholinergics
benztropine, trihecyphenidyl
-tx acute dystonia and Parkinsonism 2/2 antipsychotics
TCA OD
CNS dep, hypotension, hyperthermia, antichol (dilated pupils, dry flushed skin, intestinal ileus)
QRS prolongation – vent arrhythmias – PROGNOSIS
Tx = NaHCO3
NAHCO3 MOA for TCA OD
Increase extracellular Na conc to prevent inhibition of cardiac fast Na channels (QT prolong)
Alkalinity serum to decrease drug avidity for sodium channels
NaHCO3 MOA for ASA OD
Urine alkalinization
First gen H1 antihistamines
Diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine, doxepin, hydroxyzine
Hyperacute transplant rejection
Within 24 hrs
No tx
Anti donor Abs in recipient
Antichol
Urinary retention (failure of detrusor contraction), dysuria
-tx urge incontinence
“Blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, red as a beet, hot as Hades, dry as a bone, the bowel and bladder lose their tone (ileus, retention), and the heart runs alone.”
Acute transplant rejection
6 d-1 yr
Antidonor T cells in recipient
Immunosuppressive and steroids
Acute hemolytic transfusion rxn
Within 1 hr
ABO mismatch
Fevers, chills, flank pain, hemoglobinuria
Positive direct Coombs
DIC, RF, shock
Tx = supportive
Anaphylactic transfusion rxn
IgA def
Sec-min
Systolic diastolic bruit with resistant HTN
RAS
Congenital rubella
Sensorineural deafness, cataracts, HSM, purpura (blueberry muffin)
Developmental delays
High PEEP vent complications
Alveolar damage, tension pneumo, hypotension
Drugs that need folic acid supp
Phenytoin, methotrexate, TMP
Other antiepileptics primidone, phenobarbital
Entamoeba histolytica tx
metronidazole
Cholinergic effects
DUMBELLS - Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, Bradycardia, Emesis, Lacrimation, Lethargy and Salivation
- organophosphate poisoning (tx = atropine, pralidoxime)
- use cholinergic agonist (bethanechol) to tx overflow incontinence
Giardia lamblia tx
metronidazole
Salmonella tx
quinolone, TMP-SMX
Shigella tx
quinolone, TMP-SMX
Campy tx
erythro
Encapsulated organisms
S pneumo, H influ, N meningitidis, Klebsiella
Hydroxyurea MOA
increases HgF
Drugs that increase PrL levels
(psych) phenothiazines, risperidone, haldol
methyldopa
verapamil
What causes hemolysis in G6PD
fava beans sulfa drugs primquine hi-dose ASA INH nitrofurantoin dapsone
WPW tx
Class IA or IC antiarrhythmics
quinidine, procainamide
cardioversion
Trousseau’s syndrome
migratory thrombophlebitis
-MALIGNANCY: pancreatic, lung, prostate, stomach, acute leukemia, colon
-CT scan of abd
Bilirubin in urine = direct or indirect?
direct - soluble
Lidocaine - arrythmia tx
vtach
enthesitis
pain at portions of joint insertion
spondyloarthropathies (AS)
broad and waxy casts
CRF
fatty casts
nephrotic Sx
HIV ppx in needlestick
Zidovudine, lamivudine
Auer rods
AML
PAS+ and TdT+ peripheral blasts
ALL
Otitis media organisms AND sinusitis!!
- S pneumo
- H influ
- Moraxella