Step 1 Flashcards
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic use
C. Diff infection
Achilles’ tendon xanthomas
Familial hypercholesterolemia (dec LDL receptor signaling)
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC
Waterhouse-Friderchsen syndrome (meningococcemia)
Anaphylaxis following blood transfusion
IgA deficiency
Anterior drawer test +
ACL
Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyper flexible joints
Marfans syndrome ( fibrillin defect)
Athlete with polycythemia
Secondary to EPO injection
Back pain, fever, night sweats
Pott disease (vertebral TB)
Bilateral acoustic shwannomas
Neurofibromatosis 2 (chrom 22)
Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitis
Sarcoidosis (noncaseating) restrictive long disease. Inc ACE and Calcium
Black Eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis
Facial pain, frontal lobe abscess
Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection
Tx: surgical debridment, ampho B
Blue sclera
Osteogenesis perfecta (Type I collagen defect)
Bluish line on gingiva
Burton line (lead poisoning)
Bone pain, bone enlargement, arthritis
Paget disease of bone (inc. osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity)
Bounding pulses, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
(High pitched blowing early diastolic decrescendo)
Due to: aortic root dilatation, bicuspid aortic valve, endocarditis, rheumatic fever. Progress to left heart failure.
Heard best when leaning forward
Butterfly rash, Raynaud phenom in young female
Cytopenia
SLE
Cafe au lait spots, lisch nodules, cutaneous neurofibromas, pheochromocytomas, optic glioma
Neurofibromatosis type I (chrom 17), pheochromocytomas, optic glioma
Cafe au lait spots (unilateral), polyostotic fibrous dyspasia, precocious puberty, multiple endocrine abnormalities
McCune-Albright syndrome (mosaic G protein signaling mutation)
Calf pseudohypertrophy
Muscular dystrophy- Duchenne, due to x-linked recessive frameshift mutation of dystrophin gene
Cervical lymphadenopathy, desquamating rash, coronary aneurysm, red conjunctiva and tongue
Kawasaki disease (treat with IVIG and aspirin)
Cherry red spots on macula
Tay-Sachs (ganglioside accumulation) or Niemann Pick (sphingomyelin accumulation), central retinal artery occlusion
Chest pain on exertion
Angina (stable: with moderate exertion, unstable: with minimal exertion)
Chest Pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune mediated post MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2-12 weeks after acute episode )
Chest pain with ST depressions on EKG
Unstable angina (troponin -) or NSTEMI (troponin +)
Child with fever later develops red rash on face that spreads to body
Slapped cheek- erythema infectiosum/fifth disease parvovirus B19
Chorea, dementia, caudate degeneration
Huntington dz - autosomal dominant (CAG) repeat expansion
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Chronic exercise intolerance with myalgia, fatigue, painful cramps, myoglobinuria
McArdles dz- skeletal muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency
Cold intolerance
Hypothyroidism
Conjugate horizontal gaze palsy, horizontal diplopia
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (damage to MLF; unilateral or bilateral)
Continuous machine like murmur
PDA- close with idomethacin; open or maintain with PGE analog
Abdominal pain, acites, hepatoslepnomegaly
Budd-chiari Syndrome (post hepatic venous thrombosis)
