Stem Cells Flashcards
What are stem cells?
undifferentiated cells
What are the 2 main properties of stem cells?
What is the hierarchy of stem cells?
Morula - totipotent
Blastula (150-200 cells) - undifferentiated
Embryonic Stem cell - pluripotent
Germ cells - multipotent
Somatic (not germ) - Rest are oligo or uni potent cells, some retain into adult hood. Tissue SPECIFIC
Discuss ES cells
- derived from blastocyst, from inner-cell mass
- pluripotent
- can differentiate into any of the different cell types in the human body
Discuss somatic stem cells.
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Both in bone marrow.
1. successfully employed to replicate all blood cells.
2. can differentiate into bone cells and other cells in the bone
Discuss TF regulatory networks
Discuss the Waddington epigenetic landscape model
What is a clinical application of regulation of stem cell differentiation?
- patient has inherited deficiency of lymphocytes
- corrects gene defect in vivo
How is research approaching the regulation of stem cell differentiation?
- better influence decision making
- to understand the genetic basis of a disease
- to develop/ test new drugs
- to optimise stem cell therapy treatment methods (e.g. for tissue regeneration)
What are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)?
What is iPSC human modelling?
cells extracted from pattient, reprogramed, treated with GFs, get them to differentiate into cell types in the paiitient , perform genomic analysis to identify what is different in the patient.
How are iPSCs used in cardiac tissue modelling?
- cardiac tissues beat, making it challenging
What are stem cell niche factors?
