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BOTANY > STEM > Flashcards

STEM Flashcards

1
Q

Transport of naterials occur through the ______

A

Vascular tissue

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2
Q

2theory

A

Transpiration-cohesion theory
Mass/pressure flow theory

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3
Q

Upward movement of water from the root to aerial part of the plant body

A

Transipiration-cohesion theory

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4
Q

Loss of water in the leaves

A

Transpiration

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5
Q

Process of translocation of sugar from the source to the sink

A

Mass/pressure flow theory

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6
Q

Aerial vegetative organ of the plant

A

Stem

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7
Q

Stem are develop from ____^

A

Epicotyl

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8
Q

12 morphology of the stem

A

Nodes
Internodes
Buds
Lenticels
Leaf
Leaf axil
Leaf scar
Axillary bud/lateral bud
Apical bud/terminal bud
Budscale
Bud scale scar
Bundle scar

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9
Q

Leaveas are attached

A

Nodes

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10
Q

Distance or portion between the nodes

A

Internodes

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11
Q

Contain undeveloped tissue that can produce new stems and leaves

A

Buds

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12
Q

Small, raise dots or ridges on the stem for exchange of gases

A

Lenticels

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13
Q

Lateral outgrowth of the stem

A

Leaf

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14
Q

The angle formed between the lwaf and the stem

A

Leaf axil

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15
Q

A mark left when the leaf falls off, usually found below tha axillary bud

A

Leaf scar

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16
Q

A bud formed between the leaf and the stem

A

Axillary bud / lateral bud

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17
Q

A bud found at the apex or tip of th twig

A

Apical bud/terminal bud

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18
Q

Leaf-like structure covering and protecting a bud

A

Bud scale

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19
Q

Mark left when the bud scale falls off

A

Bud scale scar

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20
Q

Found within the leaf scar that represents the broken ends of veins at leaf fall

A

Bundle scar

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21
Q

Stem apical meristem gives rises to these 3

A

Protoderm
Ground meristem
Procambium

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22
Q

Protoderm give rises to

A

Epidermis

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23
Q

Ground meristem give rises to

A

Ground tissue

24
Q

Procambium give rises to

A

Primary phloem and Xylem

25
Q

Ground meristem and procambium give rises to

A

Vascular cambium

26
Q

Vascular cambium give rises to

A

Secondary xylem and phloem

27
Q

Ground meristem and secondary phloem give rises to

A

Corck cambium or phellogen

28
Q

Corck cambium or phellogen give rises to

A

Periderm

29
Q

Give the 10 anatomy of the stem

A

Epidermis
-cuticle
-stomata
Vascular Cylinder/Stele
-Pericycle
-Vascular bundles
-Xylem
-Phloem
-Cambium
-Pith

30
Q

Consists of a single layer of living cells which are closely packed and it protect the underlying tissues

A

Epidermis

31
Q

Prevent the dessication of the inner tissues and thus prevent water loss

A

Cuticle

32
Q

Allows gaseous exchange for the processes of respiration and photosynthesis

A

Stomata

33
Q

Strengthens the stem and provides protection for the vascular bundles

A

Pericycle

34
Q

Situated in a ring on the inside of the pericycle of the plant

A

Vascular bundle

35
Q

Provides a passage for water and dissolved ions from the root system to the leaves and stregnthens and support the stem

A

Xylem

36
Q

Tranport synthesized organic food from the leaves to other parts of the plant

A

Phloem

37
Q

Divides to produce new xylem and phloem cells, making secondary thickening

A

Cambium

38
Q

Occupies the large central part of the stem. It consist of thin-walled parenchyma cells with intercellular air spaces

A

Pith

39
Q

No annual rings
No secondary thickening
A large number of vascular bundles

A

Monocotyledon

40
Q

The vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue
There is no distinction betw. The cortext and pith

A

Monocotyledon

41
Q

No cambium occura between xylem and phloem

A

Monocotyledon

42
Q

Annual rings are formed due to secondary thuckening
Cambium occurs bet. Xylem and phloem

A

Dicotyledon

43
Q

Limited of vascular bundles
Cortext and pith are clearly distinguish

A

Dicotyledon

44
Q

Vascular bundles are arranged in a concentric ring

A

Dicotyledon

45
Q

12 specialized stem

A

Stolon/Runners
Tendrils/Twining shoots
Cladodes/Cladophylls
Thorns
Bulbs
Rhizomes
Corms
Tubers
Twiner
Pseudostem
Runner
Spines

46
Q

Horizontally oriented stems that grow along the soil surface
For vegetative reproduction

A

Stolons/Runners

47
Q

Coil around objects
Support and climbing

A

Tendrils and Twining

48
Q

Flat, leaf-like stems for photosynthesis

A

Cladodes/Cladophylls

49
Q

Protect the plang from grazing animals

A

Thorns

50
Q

Rosette stem surrounded by fleshy leaves for storage

A

Bulbs

51
Q

Stubby, vertically oriented stems that grow underground, have only a few thin leaves
Store nutrients

A

Corms

52
Q

For support
Papilionaceae

A

Twiner

53
Q

False stem
Support

A

Pseudostem

54
Q

Cynodon dactylon

A

Bermuda grass

55
Q

Smaller and several unita
Protection
Limit transpiration

A

Spines

56
Q

Cactus

A

Notocactus mammulosus

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