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Turn Out > Steam & Hydronics > Flashcards

Steam & Hydronics Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of steam

A

Gas form of water

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2
Q

Definition of saturated steam

A

Steam at 212°F

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3
Q

Definition of sensible heat

A

Heat that can be measured and felt

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4
Q

Definition of latent heat

A

Heat that changes the state but not the temperature

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5
Q

Definition of superheated steam

A

Steamy heated above the saturated state

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6
Q

Definition of pop safety relief

A

Relief that pops if unsafe pressures are present

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7
Q

Definition of water gauge

A

Sight glass

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8
Q

Definition of gauge cocks

A

Gate valve on a sight glass

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9
Q

Definition of compound gauge

A

Measures both temperature and pressure

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10
Q

Definition of additive differential pressuretrol

A

Controls operating pressure of boiler (additive= cutout+differential)

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11
Q

Definition of subtractive differential pressuretrol

A

Controls operating pressure of a boiler (subtractive= cutout-differential)

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12
Q

Definition of float low-water cut off

A

Low-water cut off operated by a float

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13
Q

Definition of electronic low-water cut off

A

Low-water cut off operated electronically

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14
Q

Definition of down feed system

A

System located below steam main

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15
Q

Definition of dry return

A

Any return above boiler water line

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16
Q

Definition of equalizing line

A

Equalizes the pressure between the main and the boiler

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17
Q

Definition of Hartford loop

A

Protects boiler against low water, 2”-4” below the water line

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18
Q

Definition of steam header

A

Horizontal piping connected to boiler outlet

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19
Q

Definition of wet return

A

Return lines below boiler waterline

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20
Q

What does CSD1 stand for

A

Control safety device 1

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21
Q

The function and purpose of a siphon tube

A

Keep steam from hitting gauges also known as pigtail

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22
Q

Definition of one pipe system

A

System with one type both supply and return are the same pipe

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23
Q

Definition of two pipe system

A

System with two pipes one supply and one return

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24
Q

What type of trap does a two pipe system use

A

Thermostatic trap

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25
Q

Name the major components of a steam system

A

Boiler, header, equalizer, Hartford loop, steam main, condensate main, traps, strainer, union, check, air vent, low-water cut off

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26
Q

How does a thermostatic trap operate

A

Operates on a difference in temperature

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27
Q

How does a mechanical trap operate

A

Operates on difference in density

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28
Q

How does a thermodynamic trap operate

A

Operates on difference in thermal energy

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29
Q

What is an equalizer and what does it do

A

Connects steam header to return, collects condensate from steam main and sends it to return

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30
Q

What type of trap is used on a low pressure system for end of main

A

A F&T trap beat because it will pass air and condensate

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31
Q

What does F&T trap stand for

A

Float and thermostatic

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32
Q

What controls the pressure in a low-pressure steam boiler

A

Pressuretrol

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33
Q

What PSIG does the safety relief valve on a low pressure boiler open at

A

15 PSIG

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34
Q

What is a drip pan ell used for

A

Drains condensate from a vent

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35
Q

What is used to view the water level in a boiler

A

Sight glass

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36
Q

Steam flow into a one a pipe radiator steam system is controlled by the what

A

Air vent

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37
Q

What is the normal pitch of steam piping

A

1 inch over 20 feet

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38
Q

In an F&T trap the float rises to discharge what

A

Air and steam

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39
Q

A failed trap will typically become what

A

Steam bound

40
Q

Define high temperature high-pressure hot water

A

Hot water above 200°F and 60 PSIG

41
Q

Why do you superheat steam

A

It does more work at lower pressures

42
Q

List for common controls on a steam boiler

A

Manual reset, low-water cut off, aquastat, pressuretrol

43
Q

Definition of reverse return

A

First in last out

44
Q

Definition of parallel system

A

All piping is fed equally

45
Q

Define primary, secondary

A

Lines set at 12 inch centers to avoid pressure drop

46
Q

What is a closed hydronic system

A

A system of close to atmosphere

47
Q

What is a open hydronic system

A

A system open the atmosphere

48
Q

What is a zone system

A

A system with multiple zones that can be controlled independently of each other

49
Q

What is a monoflow system

A

One pipe, use of monoflow tees, supply and return is the same pipe

50
Q

What is a gravity system

A

System that flows by gravity alone by using the weight of water

51
Q

What happens when water is heated

A

Molecules vibrate and move faster spreading apart

52
Q

What are normal operating temperature for a hot water system

A

120 to 200°F

53
Q

What is the maximum operating pressure of a boiler determined by

A

See level input

54
Q

Why does the system stop circulating

A

Clogged pipe, air trapped, failed pump

55
Q

Define set point

A

Temperature chosen that boiler is set to

56
Q

Define domestic priority

A

Domestic water takes priority over hot water

57
Q

Define circulator

A

Pump that circulates water in the system

58
Q

Define indirect water heater

A

Water that is heated indirectly

59
Q

Define bladder expansion tank

A

Unattached bladder that allows for expansion

60
Q

Define diaphragm expansion tank

A

Attached diaphragm that allows for expansion

61
Q

Define atmospheric compression expansion tank

A

Tank that is filled with a certain amount of air to allow for expansion

62
Q

Define T&P relief

A

Relief controlled by temperature and pressure

63
Q

Define pressure relief

A

Relief controlled by pressure

64
Q

The steam piping on a steam boiler that reduces the likelihood of low-water condition in the boiler is called?

A

Hartford loop

65
Q

Thermostatic traps open and close by means of

A

Flexible bellows

66
Q

A failed trap will typically become

A

Steam bound

67
Q

What is a vapor system

A

Vacuum system created by no mechanical means

68
Q

What is a vacuum system

A

Vacuum system created by a pump

69
Q

What is a vari vac system

A

Vacuum system created by a variable pump that creates a deep vacuum

70
Q

True or false, radiant heat is not comfortable heat

A

False

71
Q

True or false, radiant heat is found in the ceiling and the walls

A

True

72
Q

True or false a hydronic heating system operating at 200° boiler water temperature can be used to heat domestic hot water to 120°

A

True

73
Q

True or false a snowmelt system cannot be a part of a hydronic heating system

A

False

74
Q

True or false, a typical temperature for snowmelt system is up to 114°

A

True

75
Q

True or false a compression tank is not necessary in a system if a pressure reducing valve is used

A

False

76
Q

True or false, plug a relief valve if it won’t stop dripping as a temporary fix

A

False

77
Q

What are two factors which are used in establishing the pump size needed to circulate water through a piping system

A

Pressure drop\head, GPM\desired flow

78
Q

What is the purpose of measuring the length of pipe in the longest circuit

A

To establish TEL, and account for pressure drop

79
Q

How is the amount of added pressure drop determined for pipe fittings in a piping circuit

A

The longest circuit x 65 or each fitting accounted for on a short circuit runs with many fittings

80
Q

What term is applied to the total measured length of the longest circuit and the length added for fitting allowance

A

TEL, total equivalent length

81
Q

The available pump head per foot of pipe is usually expressed in what

A

Millinch/foot

82
Q

Priming it happens because of

A

Incorrect piping

83
Q

Foaming in a boiler happens when

A

Oily dirty pipes

84
Q

To derate boiler you?

A

Multiply by the efficiency percentage in decimal form

85
Q

True or false a three-way mixing valve enters on the AB port

A

False

86
Q

What does a tridicator measure

A

Temperature, pressure, and vacuum

87
Q

What is the maximum operating pressure of a boiler determined by

A

Maximum BTU input

88
Q

Define outdoor reset

A

Provides less heating when outside temperature is higher than design the minimum

89
Q

What does WWSD stand for

A

Warm weather shut down

90
Q

Water flow into a hot water hydronic system is controlled by

A

Pressure reducing valve

91
Q

Define refrigerant

A

Substance used for cooling that has a low boiling temperature

92
Q

Define saturated air

A

Air that cannot hold any more water

93
Q

True or false a room cooling unit removes heat and moisture from the air

A

True

94
Q

True or false radiant heat is typically under 120° but used commercially up to 140°

A

True

95
Q

True or false a closed hydronic heating system allows you to have higher water temperatures and better safeties

A

True

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