Statistics Flashcards
Biased
1) A sample that is not a good representation of a population
2) An unfair dice or a coin
Bivariate
Date in pairs coming from the same source
Census
Collection of data from the whole of a population
Cluster sampling
The population is split into groups based on convenience; a simple random sample of clusters is then chosen to study further
Complement
everything except a given event
Critical value
The value at the edge of the critical region
Extrapolation
Predicting results beyond the limits of the collected data
Independent events
Two or more events where the probability of the subsequent events do not depend on the outcome of the first
If events are mutually exclusive what conditions do they satisfy?
1) P(A and B) = 0
2) P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)
If events are independent what condition do they satisfy?
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
For binomial distribution to be a good model what conditions must be satisfied?
1) The number of trials is constant
2) Each trial has 2 possible outcomes
3) The probability of success is the same for each trial
4) The trials are independent
Sample
A subset of the population
Simple random sampling
Each possible sample of a given size has equal probability of being selected
Opportunity sampling
A sample is made up of individuals who are available and willing to take part
Systematic sampling
Taking participants at regular intervals from a list of the population
