Statistics

Question 1

Statistics - Purpose (1)

Answer 1

1. Is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation and organisation of the data.

Question 2

The four types of data -

Answer 2

1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio

Question 3

What is a null hypothesis?

Answer 3

A null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between two or more variables.

Question 4

What is a descriptive statistic?

Answer 4

A descriptive statistic is used to analyse and represent data that has already been collected.

Question 5

Measures of Central Tendency - Purpose (1)

Answer 5

1. To tell the middle point in a set of data (mean, median, mode)

Question 6

Measures of Central Tendency - Considerations and Limitations (1)

Answer 6

1. If removing outliers need a good reason as could make data unpure

Question 7

Measures of Dispersion - Purpose (1)

Answer 7

1. Describes the spread of data around a central value

Question 8

Chi-Squared Analysis - Purpose (2)

Answer 8

1. Used to compare observed data with data that would be expected
2. Can test associations between variables

Question 9

Chi-Squared Analysis - Considerations and Limitations (3)

Answer 9

1. Data can be compared with significance tables
2. Data must be in the form of frequencies
3. Must have more than 20 data points

Question 10

Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient - Purpose (1)

Answer 10

1. Measures the strength and direction of a relationship

Question 11

Spearman rank Correlation Coefficient - Considerations and Limitations (1)

Answer 11

1. Was the sample used too small

Question 12

Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient - Purpose (1)

Answer 12

1. Measures the strength of a linear relationship between two variables

Question 13

Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient - Considerations and Limitations (2)

Answer 13

1. It assumes that there is a linear relationship between variables even if it doesn’t exist
2. High degree of correlation does not mean close causal relationship

Question 14

Linear Regression Analysis - Purpose (1)

Answer 14

1. Method of predictive analysis to determine linear relationship

Question 15

Linear Regression Analysis - Considerations and Limitations (1)

Answer 15

1. Based on several assumptions

Question 16

Nearest-Neighbour Analysis - Purpose (1)

Answer 16

1. To measure distributions and whether they are clustered, random or regular

Question 17

Nearest-Neighbour Analysis - Considerations and Limitations (2)

Answer 17

1. Area boundaries are often subjective

2. Not very precise, there may be more than one cluster