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Occlusion > Station Exam- Part II > Flashcards

Station Exam- Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the uses of the articulator?

A
  1. diagnosis
  2. treatment planning
  3. communicate with patients/patient education
  4. fabrication prosthesis/restorations
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2
Q

What are characteristics of semi-adjustable articulators?

A
  1. used the most
  2. allow opening and closing movements
  3. allow excursive (lateral) and protrusive movements
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3
Q

What are characteristics of non-adjustable or “hinge” articulators?

A
  1. allow only opening and closing movements
  2. can be used for single posterior restorations
  3. their use can create a change in the closure angle- and by doing so the final restoration will present premature contacts
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4
Q

Describe and Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:

A
  • condyles in lower member
  • condylar inclination in the upper member
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5
Q

When the condylar indication is in the _____ member , this closely resembles the patients mouth

A

upper member

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6
Q

Describe a Non-Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:

A
  • mainly used for removable prosthodontics
  • condyles in upper member
  • condylar indication in the lower member
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7
Q

What type of articulator is ours?

A

Arcon (semi-adjustable)

  • condyles in lower member and condylar inclination in upper member
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8
Q

What is the purpose of a facebow?

A

to orient the maxillary cast to the rotational axis in three planes

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9
Q

Using a facebow will result in ___ articulation of subsequent ___ casts

A

reproducible; maxillary

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10
Q

The facebow orients the dental cast in the same relationship to the ____ as the articulator

A

opening axis

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11
Q

What are usually the anatomic references?

A
  1. mandibular condyles
  2. transverse horizontal axis
  3. one other selected anterior point
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12
Q

What does an ear-bow index to and what does it register?

A

The external auditory meatus; registers the relation of the maxillary arch to a horizontal reference plane

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13
Q

What is the third point of reference?

A

The anterior reference point, it should be repeatable and reproducible. It is parallel to the upper and lower arms of the articulator

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14
Q

The facebow orients a maxillary cast to the:

A

reference plane

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15
Q

The reference plane requires 3 points including:

A

2 on each side of face, and one on the anterior face

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16
Q

When should you use a facebow?

A
  • when cusp teeth are present,
    -I nterocclusal records are made at an increased occlusal vertical dimension
  • the OVD is subject to change
  • alterations in occlusal surfaces are necessary
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17
Q

Where does the mandible articulate with the skull?

A

at the temporal bone

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18
Q

How many bones make up the maxilla and where do they fuse?

A

two; fuse at mid-palatal suture

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19
Q

What is the superior border of the maxilla?

A

floor of nasal cavity and orbit

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20
Q

What is the inferior border of the maxilla?

A

palate and alveolar ridge

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21
Q

What are the components of the maxilla ?

A

body and processes (zygomatic, frontal, alveolar, and palatine)

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22
Q

True or false; the maxilla is the largest and strongest bone in the skull

A

true

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23
Q

What are the components of the mandible?

A

body (horizontal part) & ramus (vertical part)

24
Q

What is the superior aspect of the mandible?

A

alveolar crest and teeth

25
Q

What is the posterior aspect/body of the mandible?

A

mandibular angle and ascending ramus

26
Q

What makes up the ascending ramus?

A

coronoid process and condyles (where protrusions and lateral movements of the mandible occur)

27
Q

What do the condyles articulate with?

A

cranium

28
Q

What is the mediolateral length of the condyles?

A

15-20mm

29
Q

What is the anterior-posterior width of the condyles?

A

8-10mm

30
Q

What does the squamous portion of the temporal bone articulate with?

A

mandibular condyle

31
Q

What is the articular eminence function?

A

Thick dense bone to tolerate heavy forces

32
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

33
Q

what are the 2 heads of the masseter and how do their fibers run?

A

A- superficial head: fibers run downward and backward
B- Deep head: fibers run in vertical direction

34
Q

What are the 3 distinct divisions of the temporalis and how do their fibers run?

A

A- anterior: fibers run vertically- only does elevation
B- middle: fibers run obliquely across the lateral aspect of the skull- does elevation and recursion
C- posterior: fibers run horizontally and come forward above the ear to join other temporalis fibers- only does retrusion

35
Q

What are the two heads of the lateral (external) pterygoid?

A

Superior lateral pterygoid- smaller

Inferior lateral pterygoid- extends backwards, upwards, and outward

almost two separate muscles!

36
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A
  • elevates the mandible
  • provides force for chewing
  • Superficial head: aids in protrusion
  • Deep head: stabilizes the condyle against the eminance
37
Q

The superficial head of the masseter aids in:

A

protrusion

38
Q

The deep head of the masseter:

A

stabilizes the condyle against the eminance

39
Q

What is the functions of the Anterior temporalis?

A

raises mandible vertically

40
Q

What is the function of the middle temporalis?

A

elevates & retrudes the mandible

41
Q

What is the function of the posterior temporalis?

A

aids in recursion of the mandible

42
Q

What is the function of the medial (internal) pterygoid?

A
  • elevates the mandible
  • protrudes the mandible
43
Q

What does unilateral contraction of the the medial pterygoid result in?

A

mediotrusion (mandible moves toward the midline)

44
Q

What does bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid inferior head result in?

A

causes condyles to be pulled down the articular eminences and the mandible is protruded

45
Q

What does unilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid inferior head result in?

A

causes mediotrusive movement (downward, forward, & medially)

46
Q

When is lateral pterygoid superior lateral head in active?

A

inactive during mandibular opening

47
Q

When is the lateral pterygoid superior lateral head active?

A

with elevator muscles (closure of the mandible)

48
Q

What muscle is involved in the power stroke?

A

lateral pterygoid superior head- active during mandibular closure against resistance

49
Q

What two muscles of mastication form the masseter sling, and what is its function?

A

masseter and medial pterygoid, function to keep mandible in place and stabilize it

50
Q

What is the function of the suprahyoids?

A

elevate the hyoid bone and depress the mandible when the hyoid bone is fixed

51
Q

Depression of the mandible involves contraction of what muscles?

Depression of the mandible involves relaxation of what muscles?

A

inferior lateral pterygoid and digastric

masseter, medial pterygoid and temporalis

52
Q
A
53
Q

Elevation of the mandible

involves contraction of what muscles:

involves relaxation of what muscles:

A

contraction: masseter, medial pterygoid, temporalis, and superior lateral pterygoid

relaxation: Inferior lateral pterygoid and digastric

54
Q

Right lateral movement of the mandible involves:

contraction of:

relaxation of:

A

contraction: left inferior lateral pterygoid

relaxation: right inferior lateral pterygoid and slight relaxation of elevators

55
Q

Left lateral movement of the mandible involves:

contraction of:

relaxation of:

A

contraction: right inferior lateral pterygoid

relaxation: left inferior lateral pterygoid and slight relaxation of pterygoids

56
Q

Protrusion of the mandible (moves mandible forward in straight line):

contraction of:

relaxation of:

A

contraction: mainly inferior lateral pterygoids assisted by masseter and medial pterygoids

Relaxation: N/A

57
Q

Retrusion of the mandible (mandible does back) involves:

contraction of:

relaxation of:

A

contraction: temporalis

relaxation: N/A

Occlusion (5 decks)

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