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Occlusion > Lecture 2- muscles of mastication > Flashcards

Lecture 2- muscles of mastication Flashcards

1
Q

How many maxillary bones are present in the skull?

A

2

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2
Q

The 2 maxillary bones are fused together at the:

A

mid-palatal suture

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3
Q

The superior border of the maxilla is the:

A

floor of the nasal cavity and orbit

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4
Q

The inferior border of the maxilla is the:

A

palate and alveolar ridge

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5
Q

Components of the maxilla: (2)

A

Body & Procresses

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6
Q

What processes are fun din the maxilla?

A

zygomatic, frontal, alveolar, palatine

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7
Q

What is the largest and strongest bone of the skull?

A

mandible

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8
Q

What components make up the mandible?

A

body and ramus

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9
Q

The superior aspect of the mandible:

A

alveolar crest and teeth

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10
Q

The body of the mandible makes up the posterior aspect including:

A

mandibular angle, and asending ramus

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11
Q

What two parts make up the ascending ramus?

A

coronoid process and condyle

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12
Q

In the TMJ, the condyle articulates with the:

A

cranium

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13
Q

What poles are present in the condyle?

A

medial and lateral poles

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14
Q

The mediolateral length of the condyle is:

A

15-20mm

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15
Q

The anterior-posterior width of the condyle is:

A

8-10mm

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16
Q

The squamous portion of the temporal bone articulates with the:

A

mandibular condyle

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17
Q

The _____ articulates with the mandibular condyle

A

Squamous portion of temporal bone

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18
Q

The thick dense bone to tolerate heavy forces (on temporal bone)

A

articular eminence

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19
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

lateral pterygoids, medial pterygoid, masseter and temporalis

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20
Q

The masseter has ___ heads

A

2

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21
Q

The two heads of the masseter:

A

superficial head and deep head

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22
Q

In the ____ head of the masseter, fibers run downward and backward

A

superficial

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23
Q

In the ____ head of the masseter, the fibers run in a vertical direction

A

deep

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24
Q

How do the muscle fibers run in the superficial head of the masseter?

A

fibers run downward and backward

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25
Q

How do the fibers run in the deep head of the masseter?

A

fibers run in a vertical direction

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26
Q

Where is the origin of the masseter?

A

zygomatic arch

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27
Q

Where is the insertion of the masseter? (2)

A

lateral surface of ramus and angle of mandible

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28
Q

Function of the masseter:

A

elevate the mandible

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29
Q

The masseter is a ____ muscle providing the force for ____.

A

powerful; chewing

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30
Q

Portion of the masseter that aids in protrusion:

A

superficial head

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31
Q

Function of the superficial head of the masseter:

A

aids in protrusion

32
Q

Portion of the masseter that stabilizes the condyle against the eminence

A

deep head

33
Q

Function of the deep head of the masseter:

A

stabilzes the condyle against the eminence

34
Q

The origin of the superficial portion of the masseter:

The origin of the deep portion of the masseter:

A

anterior 2/3 of lower border of zygomatic arch

medial surface of the zygomatic arch

35
Q

The insertion of the masseter is the:

A

lateral surface of ramus coronoid process and angle of mandible

36
Q

The function of the masseter is to:

A

elevate jaw and clench teeth

37
Q

The blood supply to the masseter:

A

a muscular branch of the maxillary artery

38
Q

The nerve supply to the masseter:

A

masseteric nerve of mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

39
Q

The temporalis can be divided into ____ distinct divisions:

A

3

40
Q

The 3 distinct divisions of the temporalis include:

A

anterior, middle, posterior

41
Q

Portion of the temporalis characterized by the vertically directed fibers

A

anterior

42
Q

Portion of the temporalis characterized by fibers running obliquely across the lateral aspect of the skull

A

middle

43
Q

Portion of the temporalis characterized by horizontal fibers coming forward above the ear to join other temporalis fibers

A

posterior

44
Q

Origin of the temporalis:

A

termporal fossa and lateral surface of the skull

45
Q

Insertion of the temporalis: (2)

A

coronoid process and anterior border of ascending ramus

46
Q

Action of the anterior temporalis:

A

vertical raising of mandible

47
Q

Action of the middle temporalis:

A

elevates and retrudes the mandible

48
Q

action of the posterior temporalis:

A

aids in recursion of the mandible

49
Q

Blood supply to the temporalis:

A

a muscular branch of the maxillary artery

50
Q

Nerve supply to termporalis:

A

deep temporal nerve of the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

51
Q

How many heads are present in the lateral pterygoid?

A

2

52
Q

The lateral pterygoid may also be referred to as:

A

external pterygoid

53
Q

The two heads of the lateral pterygoid are almost:

A

almost two separate muscles

54
Q

What are the two heads of the lateral pterygoid?

A

superior lateral pterygoid and inferior lateral pterygoid

55
Q

The origin of the inferior lateral pterygoid:

A

outer surface of lateral pterygoid plate

56
Q

The insertion of the inferior lateral pterygoid:

A

neck of condyle

57
Q

The inferior lateral pterygoid extends:

A

backward, upward, and outward

58
Q

The action of the inferior lateral pterygoid includes both:

A

bilateral contraction and unilateral contraction

59
Q

“causes the condyles to be pulled down and the articular eminences and the mandible is protruded” would be describing what action of the inferior lateral pterygoid?

A

bilateral contraction

60
Q

“causes mediotrusive movement (downward, forward, and medially)” would be describing what action of the inferior lateral pterygoid?

A

unilateral contraction

61
Q

Which is the smallest of the 2 bellies of the lateral pterygoids?

A

superior lateral pterygoid

62
Q

The origin of the lateral pterygoid:

A

infratemporal surface of the greater sphenoid wing

63
Q

The insertion of the superior lateral pterygoid:

A

disk, capsule, and neck of the condyle

64
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid action is ____ during mandibular opening

A

inactive

65
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid is active only with:

A

elevator muscles

66
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid is active only with elevator muscles - meaning

A

closure of the mandible

67
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid is involved in a ______: this muscle is active during mandibular closure against resistance (chewing or clenching)

A

power stroke

68
Q

Muscle involved in the power stroke

A

superior lateral pterygoid

69
Q

The superior lateral pterygoid is active during:

A

mandibular closure against resistance (chewing or clenching)

70
Q

mandibular closure against resistance=

A

chewing or clenching

71
Q

blood supply to lateral pterygoid:

A

a muscular branch of the maxillary artery

72
Q

nerve supply to lateral pterygoid:

A

a branch of the masseteric or buccal nerve of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

73
Q

Origin of the medial (internal) pterygoid:

A

pterygoid fossa

74
Q

What is another name for the medial pterygoid?

A

internal pterygoid

75
Q

The insertion of the medial (internal) pterygoid:

A

medial surface of the mandibular angle

76
Q

What are the 3 functions of the medial (internal) pterygoid:

A
  1. elevates the mandible
  2. protrudes the mandible
  3. unilateral contraction (results in mediotrusion)
77
Q

The unilateral contraction function of the medial pterygoid results in:

A

mediotrusion

Occlusion (5 decks)

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