Station 6- Self management Flashcards
What is the pathophysiology of lung cancer?
Genetic mutation that causes defects in cell division and normal homeostasis
- Impaired programmed cell death of abnormal cells
- Impaired cell cycle control leading to uncontrolled cell division
- Leading to a growth that can be malignant or benign
Signs and symptoms of lung cancer
- New or persistent cough
- Chest infections
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Coughing up sputum with blood in it
How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage lung cancer long-term?
- Protect lungs from further damage e.g no smoking or smoking around the person, wear a mask around symptomatic people and avoid places with poor air quality
- Pacing and energy conservation techniques, ACBT
- Education of healthy lifestyle, no smoking, reducing stress
Which MDT members would I include for management of lung cancer patient?
- Palliative care nurses
- Referral to stop smoking groups
- Aerobic exercise groups
- OTs for managing at home
- GP prescriptions and managing
What is the pathophysiology of Cystic fibrosis?
- Is a genetic mutation caused by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
- The protein produced from this gene regulates ion transport in the body
- Once a mutation occurs, ion transport stops working in a number of the bodily systems and causes the symptoms of CF
Signs and symptoms of CF
- Coughing and wheezing
- SOB
- Recurring chest infections
- Build up of mucus in pancreas, intestines and bronchi
How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage CF long-term?
- ACBT
- Airway clearance devices
- Positioning
- Education on how to do these independently
- Energy conservation techniques
Which MDT members would I include for management of CF patient?
- OTs to help manage at home e.g with them struggling with breathlessness walking up the stairs
- Dieticians for advice on what the best diet is as pancreas might not work properly due to mucus build-up
- Referral to exercise classes
- GPs for antibiotics for chest infections
- Prescription from doctors e.g mucus thinners
What is the pathophysiology of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?
- Is the dilation or stretching of the aorta due to weakening of the vascular wall
- This is due to the failure of structural proteins elastin and collagen
Signs and symptoms of AAA
- Pain in your abdominal, flank and/or back
- Hypotension
- Palpable pulsatile mass in the abdomen
How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage AAA long-term?
- Education of benefits of moderate exercise: help lower blood pressure
- Education of risk factor reduction: e.g smoking, healthy eating
- Help with airway clearance if patient develops vascular issues after surgery
Which MDT members would I include for the management of AAA?
- Dieticians for healthy eating and weight management
- Smoking cessation groups
- Exercise classes
- GPs to prescribe medications for lowering blood pressure and cholesterol
What is the pathophysiology of asthma?
- Chronic respiratory condition
- Which causes airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness (increased sensitivity) and narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs
Signs and symptoms of asthma
- Wheezing
- SOB
- Coughing and sputum
- Chest tightness
- Asthma attacks
How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage asthma long-term?
- ACBT
- Energy conservation techniques
- Proper use of inhaler
- Education around exercise
- Education about postural drainage and positions of ease
- Breathing retraining
- Manual techniques
- Make sure that their work/school/family/carers know about their asthma and how to support them
Which MDT members would I include for the management of Asthma?
- Referral to exercise classes
- Smoking cessation groups
- Dieticians for healthy weight management
- GP about prescription of correct inhaler
- OTs for managing at home
What is the pathophysiology of Covid?
- A respiratory condition which is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets and into the respiratory system
- The virus targets the epithelial cells which line the respiratory tract
- The protein of the virus binds to receptors on the host cells and then begins to replicate its viral RNA
Signs and symptoms of Covid?
- Temperature
- New or continuous cough
- Loss or change of smell/taste
- Fatigue
- Blocked or runny nose
- Loss of appetite
- Achiness
How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage covid?
- Education on ACBT
- Breathing retraining
- Postural drainage
- Positions of ease
- Education on hydration and rest
- Referral to exercise classes for long covid
- Education of pacing and energy conservation techniques for long covid
- Make sure work/school know about long covid and how this effects the patient
Which MDT members would I include for the management of Covid?
- Psychologist/ mental health support groups for long covid
- OTs for home adaptions for long covid
- Exercise classes
- Dieticians if loss of appetite still affects person to make sure they are still eating nutritious food and enough of it
- Referral to specialists if covid has affected the person elsewhere in the body e.g POTS, heart issues, inflammatory conditions
