Station 6- Self management Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathophysiology of lung cancer?

A

Genetic mutation that causes defects in cell division and normal homeostasis
- Impaired programmed cell death of abnormal cells
- Impaired cell cycle control leading to uncontrolled cell division
- Leading to a growth that can be malignant or benign

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2
Q

Signs and symptoms of lung cancer

A
  • New or persistent cough
  • Chest infections
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Coughing up sputum with blood in it
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3
Q

How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage lung cancer long-term?

A
  • Protect lungs from further damage e.g no smoking or smoking around the person, wear a mask around symptomatic people and avoid places with poor air quality
  • Pacing and energy conservation techniques, ACBT
  • Education of healthy lifestyle, no smoking, reducing stress
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4
Q

Which MDT members would I include for management of lung cancer patient?

A
  • Palliative care nurses
  • Referral to stop smoking groups
  • Aerobic exercise groups
  • OTs for managing at home
  • GP prescriptions and managing
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5
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Cystic fibrosis?

A
  • Is a genetic mutation caused by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
  • The protein produced from this gene regulates ion transport in the body
  • Once a mutation occurs, ion transport stops working in a number of the bodily systems and causes the symptoms of CF
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6
Q

Signs and symptoms of CF

A
  • Coughing and wheezing
  • SOB
  • Recurring chest infections
  • Build up of mucus in pancreas, intestines and bronchi
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7
Q

How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage CF long-term?

A
  • ACBT
  • Airway clearance devices
  • Positioning
  • Education on how to do these independently
  • Energy conservation techniques
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8
Q

Which MDT members would I include for management of CF patient?

A
  • OTs to help manage at home e.g with them struggling with breathlessness walking up the stairs
  • Dieticians for advice on what the best diet is as pancreas might not work properly due to mucus build-up
  • Referral to exercise classes
  • GPs for antibiotics for chest infections
  • Prescription from doctors e.g mucus thinners
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9
Q

What is the pathophysiology of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?

A
  • Is the dilation or stretching of the aorta due to weakening of the vascular wall
  • This is due to the failure of structural proteins elastin and collagen
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10
Q

Signs and symptoms of AAA

A
  • Pain in your abdominal, flank and/or back
  • Hypotension
  • Palpable pulsatile mass in the abdomen
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11
Q

How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage AAA long-term?

A
  • Education of benefits of moderate exercise: help lower blood pressure
  • Education of risk factor reduction: e.g smoking, healthy eating
  • Help with airway clearance if patient develops vascular issues after surgery
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12
Q

Which MDT members would I include for the management of AAA?

A
  • Dieticians for healthy eating and weight management
  • Smoking cessation groups
  • Exercise classes
  • GPs to prescribe medications for lowering blood pressure and cholesterol
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13
Q

What is the pathophysiology of asthma?

A
  • Chronic respiratory condition
  • Which causes airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness (increased sensitivity) and narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs
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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of asthma

A
  • Wheezing
  • SOB
  • Coughing and sputum
  • Chest tightness
  • Asthma attacks
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15
Q

How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage asthma long-term?

A
  • ACBT
  • Energy conservation techniques
  • Proper use of inhaler
  • Education around exercise
  • Education about postural drainage and positions of ease
  • Breathing retraining
  • Manual techniques
  • Make sure that their work/school/family/carers know about their asthma and how to support them
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16
Q

Which MDT members would I include for the management of Asthma?

A
  • Referral to exercise classes
  • Smoking cessation groups
  • Dieticians for healthy weight management
  • GP about prescription of correct inhaler
  • OTs for managing at home
17
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Covid?

A
  • A respiratory condition which is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets and into the respiratory system
  • The virus targets the epithelial cells which line the respiratory tract
  • The protein of the virus binds to receptors on the host cells and then begins to replicate its viral RNA
18
Q

Signs and symptoms of Covid?

A
  • Temperature
  • New or continuous cough
  • Loss or change of smell/taste
  • Fatigue
  • Blocked or runny nose
  • Loss of appetite
  • Achiness
19
Q

How will I empower this service user/ carer to manage covid?

A
  • Education on ACBT
  • Breathing retraining
  • Postural drainage
  • Positions of ease
  • Education on hydration and rest
  • Referral to exercise classes for long covid
  • Education of pacing and energy conservation techniques for long covid
  • Make sure work/school know about long covid and how this effects the patient
20
Q

Which MDT members would I include for the management of Covid?

A
  • Psychologist/ mental health support groups for long covid
  • OTs for home adaptions for long covid
  • Exercise classes
  • Dieticians if loss of appetite still affects person to make sure they are still eating nutritious food and enough of it
  • Referral to specialists if covid has affected the person elsewhere in the body e.g POTS, heart issues, inflammatory conditions