Statins Flashcards
Where is cholesterol made?
liver
What is cholesterol an integral component of?
in the synthesis of hormones
involved in the transport of steroids in the form of lipoproteins
an important component in cell linings
helps in the digestion of lipids
where is cholesterol found?
in the cell walls of animals and humans
what does isolated cholesterol look like?
white, flaky solid that is insoluble in aqueous environments
how much cholesterol do we make per day
1000mg/day
actions of HDL
- collects cholesterol particles from blood vessels
- deposits them in the liver
- which are transferred to bile acids to be disposed of
actions of LDL
- deposits cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels
- formation of plaques
- blocks blood vessels, especially arteries that feed blood to the heart
what is hypercholestraemia
high blood cholesterol: a result of high LDL:HDL blood cholesterol levels
leads to a narrowing of arteries, decreased blood supply and oxygen to the heart —> death
how much should total body cholesterol be?
<200mg/dL
What is borderline cholesterol levels and what cholesterol level increases the risk by two fold?
200-239mg/dL is borderline
> 240mg/dL increases the risk of CHD by two fold
what is the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis?
HMG CoA reductase
catalyses the conversion of HMG CoA to mevalonic acid
Draw out the claisen condensation reaction
starts off with carbonyl group with an alpha hydrogen
attacked by lone pairs on oxygen- attacks the alpha hydrogen
structure of acetyl Co-A
CH3-C=O-S-CoA
