static Flashcards
pradhan mantri jan dhan yojana
2014
make in india
2014
clean india movement
2014
which village did modi adopt under sansad adarsh gram yojana
jayapur, banaras
immunization of children upto 2 years and preg women
rainbow scheme
save daughter educate daughter
2015
pradhan mantri mudra yojana
2015
ujala scheme
2015
first real historian/father of his
herodotus
father of modern his
leopold ranke
AD
anno domini
when the exact date is not known
circa
era after mahabharat war
kali
era found by shivaji
raj saka
national calender of india
saka samvata
first to give tripartite division of his
christoph cellarius
who wrote ramayana
valmiki
who wrote mahabharata
ved vyas
earliest pali texts
tripitaka
largest tripitaka
sutta pitaka
dialogue between milind and nagasena/nagarjuna
milindpannaho
tarikh i sind wa hind/chachanama
muhammad bin qasim
first play written by kalidas
malvikagnimitra
earliest available biographical text in india
harsh charita by banabhatta
first epic of hindi language
prithiwiraja raso by chandbardai
court poet [cp] of harshwardhana
banabhatta
first greek writer to write about india
scylax
book indica written by
beginner of indology
megasthenese
first ambassador to be mentioned in indian history
capital of chandragupta maurya
pataliputra
ambassador sent to bimbisaras court
deimachus
first chinese writer
suma chien 145bc
king or prince of pilgirms
hiuen tsang 629 ad
first ruler of gupta dynasty
srigupta
first arab traveller
sulaiman 851 ad
called hind mahasagar as indian ocean
fa hein came in
399 ad
first attempt by a foreigner to define boundaries of india
ibn hawkal 943 ad
popularly called ustad
court astrologer/najumi of mahmud ghazanavi
title of vidyasagar
book tehqiq i hind/ tarikh i hind/ kitab ul hind
first real indologist/real founder of indology
alberuni 973 ad
appointed as qazi of delhi by muhammad bin tughlaq
book-rihla
ibn batuta 1304 ad
who founded the asiatic society of bengal
william jones
father of indian archeology
alexander cunninghum
study of inscriptions
epigraphy
numismatics society of india founded at
allahbad 1910 ad
earliest deciphered inscriptions
ashokan inscriptions
meerut delhi pillar edict
nagarjuni cave inscription by dasharatha
jehanabad, bihar
besnagar garud pillar inscription
heliodorus
madhya pradesh
ayodhya stone insc
dhanadeo
earliest available in sanskrit
basti, up
prayag prashasti insc
of samudragupta
allahbad 360 ad
chandragupta 2s udhayagiri insc
mp
gaya and nalanda were in
bihar
iron pillar insc
delhi
harshvardhanas banshkera copper plate insc
up
first indian king who conceived the idea of beginning insc with hisorical preface/intro
rajaraja
who issued the largest number of gold coins
gupta rulers
first ruler- chandragupta 1
first to issue silver coins
chandragupta 2 or vikramaditya
first and only issurer of copper coins
ramgupta
earliest temple found in india
dashavatara temple of deogarh in up
largest buddhist temple in the world
buddhist temple of borobodur
java island, indonesia
the cradle of humankind
africa
stone age/lithic age
30,00,000 bc to 1,000 bc
first period of stone age
paleolithic age
father of pre historic archeology
R.B Foote
sohan culture
copper chopping pebble culture along sohan river valley
madrasian culture
hand axe culture in madras
larger and smaller piece of hand axe
core and flake
sabarmati river valley
rajasthan
chambal river valley
hirana river valley
gujarat
narmada river valley
mp
vyan vanganga river valley
sirsa river valley
himachal pradesh
sohan river valley
potwar
pakistan
liddar river valley
kashmir
belan river valley
up
buhar-valang river valley
odisha
pravara river valley
mahabharata
kortalyar river valley
tamil nadu
malprabha-ghatprabha river valley
karnataka
max number of bone horn-made implements
andhra pradesh
sinhbhum
jharkhand
mesolithic age
credit-
9000 bc to 4000 bc
john evans
first animal to be tamed
dog
kothara river, bhilwada district
rajasthan
mehsana district
gujarat
hoshangabad
adamgarh
mp
pratapgarh
up
first site in the world from where rock painting were discovered
sohagighat
neolithic age
credit-
7000 bc to 1000 bc
dr. primrose
man makes himself writer
v. gordon childe
earliest known village site of indian subcontinent
mehargarh [baluchistan, pakistan]
oldest evidence of paddy cultivation
koldihawa, up
first country to learn weaving and spinning cloth
india
potters wheel was invented in
4000 bc
burzohom
man and pet animal burial
chirand
chechar-kutubpur
taradih
senuwar
oriap
bihar
kodekal
terdal
maski
piklihal
vatgal
hallur
tekkalkota
sangankallu
kupgal
brahmgiri
hemmige
karnataka
utnur
nagarjunikonda
singanpalli
palway
andhra pradesh
napchik
manipur
pythorlangtein
meghalaya
barudih
jharkhand
chalco lithic age
3500 bc to 1000 bc
first metal
copper 5000 bc
harappan age/indus civilisation/saraswati civilisation
2500 to 1750 bc
first site to discovered
harappa
daimabad
maharashtra
dholavira
lothal
gujarat
iron age
1000 to 500 bc
earliest use of pottery
chopanimando, allahbad, up
harappan civilisation bc
2500 to 1750 bc
first scholar to use the term indu civilisation
john marshall
eastern most and western most site of indus
alamgirpur and sutkagendor
river flowing through harappa and mohenjidaro
ravi and indus
the great bath
nude dancing woman
is located at
mohenjodaro
city without citadel
chanhudaro
only site to be divided into 3 parts
dholavira
largest site
mohenjodaro
largest indian site
rakhigarhi
only site where remains of horse were found
surkotada
most commonly found figurine
matridevi/shakti
female sex organ
yoni
chief male deity
pashupati mahadeva
oldest form of worship
shiv shakti
oldest script
harappan script
oldest deciphered script
brahmi script
first testament of mankind
rig veda
book of chants
sama veda
book of magical formulae
atharva veda
oldest and the largest brahmana
shatapatha (yajur veda)
forest texts
aranyaka
oldest upanishad
vrihadaranyaka
also called vedanta
upanishads
count- 108
oldest text on phonetics
pratishakhya
oldest dictionary of the world
nirukta
oldest smriti text
manu smriti
oldest epic of the world
[adikavya] by valmiki
ramayana
24000 shlokas across 7 kandas
longest epic of the world
mahabharata by ved vyas
1,00,000 shlokas
consists of bhagvad gita
oldest purana
matsya purana
total of 18 puranas
gandharvaveda and shilpveda/arthaveda
music and science of craft/wealth
7 rivers old names:
sindhu
vitasta
asikani
vipas
parushni
sutudri
indus
jhelum
chenab
beas
ravi
sutlej
most pious river
saraswati [sarsuti]
winner of dasrajan war
sudas
oldest god and the father of the world
dyaus
magadha loacted at
bihar
first to use elephants on a large scale
kashi located in
varanasi up
founder of haryanka dynasty
[magadha]
bimbisara
he was known as seniya as he was the first to have a regular and standing army
who followed bimbisara
ajatashatru
first empire builder of indian history
mahapadma
macedonia invasion
alexanders invasion
326 bc
first tirthankara
rishabhadeva/adinath
total-24
24th- mahavira - symbol- lion
mahavira was born at
540 bc
kundagram, vaishali, bihar
first jain council
pataliputra
chairman- sthulabhadra
patron- chandragupta maurya
statue of gometeshwar/bahubali
karnataka [shravanbelgola]
gautam buddha was born at
563 bc
lumbivani, nepal
death-kushinagar, up
first teacher of buddha
alara kalama
lesser vehicle and greater vehicle of buddhism
hinayana [pali] and mahayana [sankrit]
first buddhist monk who went to china
kashyap matang
founder of lama in tibet
padmasambhav
bhabru bairat rock edict
rajasthan
referred to as amitrochates
bindusara
who killed his 99 brothers sparing tissa the youngest brother
ashoka
national emblem adopted on
26th jan, 1950
author of mahabhasya
patanjali
official language of satvahanas
prakrit
sakas also known as
scythians
chera
chola
pandya
symbol-
bow
tiger
fish
capital of cheras
vanjji
first sangam [assembly of tamil poets] at
10-madhurai
only surviving work of second sangam
tolkappiyam
bible of tamil land
kural/muppal by tiruvalluvar
gupta was succeded by
ghatotkach
gupta period
319 to 540 ad
first gupta ruler to assume the title of maharajadhiraja
chandragupta 1
prayaga prashasthi/allahbad pillar inscription by harisena was about
samudragupta
indian neapolean
kaviraja
param bhagvat
ashvamedha parakrama
sarva raj ochehhetta
samudragupta
gold coins of gupta period
dinars
only gupta ruler to issue copper coins
ramgupta
first gupta ruler to issue silver coims
chandragupta 2 [vikramaditya]
title of narendra chandra
mehrauli iron pillar
in delhi near kutub minar
who found nalanda mahavihara
kumargupta 1
last great ruler of gupta period
skandagupta
bhitari pillar was about
skandagupta
oldest temple of gupta period
dashavatara temple of deogarh
surya sidhanata was written by
aryabhatta
shakespeare of india
kalidas
when and where did hiuen tsang come to india
in 635 ad, during harshas reign who was also called siladitya
who wrote nagananda
ratnavali
priyadarshika
harshvardhana
who wrote harshcharita
kadambari
banabhatta
kannauj located in
up
who found vikramshila university
dharmpala
who built temple of kailash at ellora
krishna-1
who brought about the battle of tarain
prithiviraj chauhan
first in 1191 and second in 1192
against mohammad ghori
last rajput king
jai chand gadhawal/rathor
battle of chandawar
vijay stambha was erected in chittor by
rana kumbha, the sisodiya ruler of mewar
where is lingaraja temple
orissa bhubaneshwar
where is sun temple
konark temple, orissa
where is jagannath temple
puri
where is dilwara temple
mount abu
capital of chola
tanjore
founder of chloa
vijayalaya
who wrote ramavataram
kambana
first muslim to invade india
muhammad bin qasim
who attacked somnath temple in india
mahmud ghaznavi
founder of muslim rule in india
mohammad ghori
first ruler of slave dynasty [1209 ad] who was also called lakh baksh
qutubuddin aibak
he was the one began the construction of qutub minar
who made delhi the capital of slave dynasty instead of lahore
iltutmish
he organised iqta system and saved delhi sultanate from the wrath of chengiz khan
he also completed the construction of qutub minar
who did razia sultan favour
yakut
khilji dynasty
1290 ad
who built alai darwaja and hazar sutun
alauddin khilji
first musalaman
controversial khilji dynasty ruler
mohammad bin tuqlaq
shifted capital from delhi to devagiri [daultabad]
founder of lodhi dynasty
1451 ad
bahlol lodhi
who founded agra
sikhandar lodhi
he wrote gulrukhi
last sultan of india
ibrahim lodhi
fought the first battle of panipat against babar in 1526
who wrote tahqui i hind
alberuni
who wrote laila majnu
amir khusrau
who introduced dakhini as a language instead of persian
ibrahim adil shah
who build charminar and found hyderabad
quil qutub shah
earliest exponenet of bhakti mivemenets
ramanuja
first sikh guru
guru nanak [1469 to 1538]
author of kashf ul mahjub
khwaja ali hujjwiri
foundation of mughal rule in india
1526-1857
autobiography of babur
tuzuk i babri
who came after babr
humayun
where did humayun die
din panah
while climbing down the stairs of a library
who issued coin rupia
built gt road grand trunk road
purana qila at delhi
sher shah
second battle of panipat between
1556
hemu and bairam
battle of haldighati 1576
between rana pratap [lost] of mewar and man singh
the only hindu under akbar to follow din i illahi
birbal
who built fatepur sikhri
agra fort
allahbad and lahore fort
humayuns tomb
akbar
who gave indian one official language of persian and was buried at sikandar near agra
akbar
first representative of east india company to show up in jahangirs court
william hawkins
who was known as alamgir
aurangzeb [zinda pir]
which sikh guru was captured by auranzeb
guru teg bahadur 9th guru
who took away the peacock throne [thakt i taus] and kohinoor diamond from india
nadir shah
who introduced mansabdari system
akbar
who built jama masjid
shah jahan
moti masjid built by
aurangzeb
teacher of shivaji
samarth ramdas
who assumed the tiitle of haindava dharmodharak
shivaji
who is the first peshwa
balaji viswanath 1713
who is popularly known as nana saheb
balaji baji rao
third battle of panipat
1761
between marathas and ahmad shah abdali
first anglo maratha war
1775
against hastings
convention of wadgaon
treaty signed during 2nd anglo maratha war
subsidiary alliance treaty of bassein
who discovered cape route from europe to india
vasco da gama
who established the first french factory in surat
francois caron
carnatic wars
anglo-french wars
battle of plassey
1757
battle of buxar
1764
first anglo mysore war
between haidar ali and the british
treaty of madras 1769
last sikh guru
guru gobind singh- 10th
founder of sikh rule in punjab
maharaja ranjit singh
when were railway and post and telegraph introduced in india
1853
first banking system in india
awadh commercial bank-1881
first industries in india
tata iron and steel -1907
who wrote poverty and un british rule in india
dadabhai naoroji
what is istamrari bandobast
permanent settlement introduced by cornwallis
who and where was ryotwari system introduced
in bombay and madras by thomas munro and charles reed
first peasant movement
indigo revolt in bengal in 1859
who found atmiya and brahmo samaj
rammohan roy in calcuuta in 1815 and 1828
who found arya sabha
swami dayanand saraswati in 1875 in bombay
who found tattvabodhini sabha and took over brahmo samaj after rammohan roy
debendranath tagore
who found brahmo samaj of india
keshab chandra sen in 1866 in calcutta
who founded prarthana samaj in 1867 in bombay
atmaram pandurang
who found theophical society
blavatsky and hs olcott
1875
who founded ramkrishna mission
swami vivekanand/ narendranath dutta
who founded satya shodhak samaj in 1873
jyotiba phule
who found harijen sevak sangh in 1932
gandhi
where did the 1857 mutiny start
merrut
who was declared emperor of india
bahadur shah zafar
who found east india association
dadabhai naoroji
indian national congress
bombay
1885 ao hume
first session- golkuldas tejpal sanskrit college in bombay under chairmanship of wc bannerjee
bal gangadhar tilak
lokmanya tilak
kesari and maratha
ganpati festival
gita rahasya
home rule league 1916
lala lajpat rai
national school at lahore
bipin chandra pal
new india and vande matram
auro bindo ghosh
jugantar
partition of bengal
1905
who set up all india muslim league
1906- nawab salimullah
calcutta session of inc- 1906
dadabhai naoriji- chair
swaraj
surat split
1907
splitting into moderates and extremists
who led the moderates
gopal krishna gokhle
morley minto reforms- 1909
lord minto
separate electorate of muslims
all india home rule league changed its name to
swaraj sabha
lucknow pact-congress league pact
1916
montague declearation/august declaration
1917
founder of bharat nawajavan sabha
bhagat singh
murder of saunders
bhagat singh
who found natal indian congress
gandhi
founded indian opinion and pehonix farm
also tolstoy farm
awarded kesari i hind
president of all india khilafat conference
satyagraha ashram was along the lines of
sabarmati river
belgaum session of inc
first and the last time gandhi was elected the president of inc
wife of gandhi
kasturbai
sec of gandhi
mahadev desai
who killed gandhi
nathu ram godse
mahtma was the name given to gandhi by
rabindranath tagore
half naked saint
winston churchill
rashtrapita
subhas chandra bose
rowalatt act
1919
jallianwala bagh massacre
1919
arrest of saifuddin kitchlu and dr satyapal
reginald edward dyer ordered
khilafat movement
1920
ali brothers- mohammad ali and shaukat ali
nehru committee report 1928
chairman ship of motilal nehru
first round table conference
1930
poona pact/ gandhi-ambedkar pact
1932
who called upon the indian muslims to celebrate the resignation day of congress ministers as the day of deliverance
jinnah
inc was a brain child of
mohan singh
but it was formed by ras bihari bose and reorganised by subhas chandra bose
exclusive woman brigade
rani jhansi brigade
earlier plan of moutbatten
plan balkan
refer to tb for important dates
chidambaram is located in
chennai
where is daulatabad
aurangabad
who found fatehpur sikri
akbar
agra, up
where is junagadh
gujarat
where is kalibangan
rajasthan
capital of harshvardhana
kannauj
golden city
kachipuram, chennai
city of festivals
madurai
capital town of raja janaks kingdom
mithila
somnath/prabhaspatan located in
gujarat
largest and mist well preserved buddhist stupa
sanchi stupa- mp
sarnath location
near varanasi
where is ancient capital of tipu sultan
seringapatam, karnataka
where is gonesthwara [bahubali]
sravanbelgola
where is tirupati
andhra pradesh
seat of king vikram
also known as avanti
ujjain-mp
belur is associated with
ram krishna paramhansa
pondicherry is associated with
aurobindo ghosh
porbander, rajghat and sabarmati is associated with
gandhi
seringapatnam is associated with
tipu sultan
shanti van is associated with
nehru
talwandi is associated with
guru nanak
rehla is a book of
ibn batuta
who was called inglish khan
william hawkins
italian traveller during the reign of shahjahan
peter mundy
french traveller during reign of shahjahan and aurangzeb
jeen tavernier
badshah khan
frontier gandhi
abdul gaffar khan
beacon of light of asia
subhas cb
chacha
nehru
cr
rajagopalchari
tathagat
gandhi
father of indian unrest
tilak
father of local self government
lord ripon
grand old man of india
dadabhai naoroji
gurudev
tagore
indian bismarck
vallabhbhai patel
indian einstein
nagarjuna
indian neoploean
samudragupta
mahamana
malviya
martin luther of india
dayanand saraswati
patriot of patriots
subhas cb
scourge of god
chengiz khan
first governor of bengal
clive 1757
first governor general of bengal
hastings 1774
founded asiatic society of bengal
father of civil services in india
cornwallis
who introduced subsidiary system
wellesley
first ruler to accept the subsidiary sytem
nizam of hyderabad- nizam ali
father of modern western education in india
abolished sati
lord bentick
first governor general of india
benetick
who started the first railway line in india
dalhousie
from bombay to thane
last governor of bengal/first viceroy of india
canning
most infamous governor general
lytton
vernacular press act, 1882
who was declared as kesar-i-hind or empress of india
queen victoria
who repealed the vernacular press act
rippon
last governon general of india
wavell
first governor of free india
mountabatten
cr- only indian governor general of india
who said back to vedas and india is for indians
dayanand saraswati
dharma chakra pravartana
gandhi
dilli chalo
subhas cb
my ultimate aim is to wipe out every tear from every eye
gandhi
sare jahan se accha hundustan hamara
iqbal
read fight and unite
br ambedkar
jai jawan jai kisan
lal bahadur shastri
jai jawan jai kisan jai vigyan
atal bajpai
jai hind
subhas cb
aaram haram hai
nehru
….. means land between rivers
mesopotamia
land between tigris and euphrates
4000 bc to 6th century bc
iraq
…..is called gift of the nile
egypt
egyptian civilization 3400 bc to 1000 bc
egyptian king is called …….
pharaoh
mythological animal with the body of a lion and the head of a man
sphinx
earliest chinese civilization
shang civilisation
god of sky and god of sea
zeus and poseidon
sun of god and god of wine
appollo and dionysus
who found olympic games in 1896 in athens
pierre de coubertin
father of history
herodotus
father of medicine
hippocrates
who found the city of rome
romulus
first citizen of egypt
princeps
largest city of medieval world
constantinople
prophet of islam
muhammad
who invented calliagraphy
arabs
founder of last shogun dynasty
tokugawa leyasu
short poem of short syllables
haiku
old religion of japan
shintoism
age of renaissance/revival of learning
16th century
home of renaissance
italy
symbol of renaissance
leonardo da vinci of italy
the last judgemnt and the fall of man
michelangelo
madona
raphel
the last supper and monalisa
leonardo da vinci
father of humanism
petrarch
who wrote divine comedy
dante
who wrote canterbury tales
chaucer
don quixote
cervantes
reformation of movement was started by
martin luther in wittenburg
he advocated against the sale of letters of indulgence
who discovered cape of good hope
bartholomew diaz
america
columbus
sea route of india
vasco da gama
first european to visit china
marco polo
first to sail around the world
magellan
american war of independance
1775
boston tea party
1773
author of declaration of independance
thomas jafferson
england acknowledged usa’s independence though
treaty of paris
french revolution
1789
french revolution started with
fall of bastille fort
who 2 were beheaded
louis 16 and marie antoinette
unification of italy and germany
1848
who proposed the unificatio of germenya
frankfurt assembly
bismarks policy
blood and iron
first world war
immediate cause- assasination of ferdinand
1914-1918
resulting treaty of world war one
treaty of versailles
between allied powers and germany
14 points of
woodrow wilson
league of nations
1920
hq-geneva
russian revolution
1917
marxism
world first communist state
russia
ussr came into being in
1923
lenin was succeded by
stalin
chinese revolution
1911
sickman of europe
turkey
upsurge in turkey
khilafat movement
founder of modern turkey
mutafa kemal pasha
wall street crash
1929
the great depression
1929-34
who founded the italy fascism party
mussolini
what pulled japan into 2nd world war
attack on pearl harbour 1941
2nd world war
1939-1945
which two bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki
little boy and fat man
treaty of san francisco
1951
first olympiad in greece
776
who invented gun powder
roger bacon 1280
when did black death occur
plague in england
1443
berlin wall erected in
1961
when was asean found
1967
first manned mission to moon
1969
who founded google
larry page and sergey brin
first pres of us
george bush
ike
d.eisenhower
maiden queen
elizabeth 1
bard of avon
shakespere
mark twain
samuel clemens
man of destiney
napolean
maid of orleans
john of arc
little coporal
nepolean
wizard of the north
walter scott
lady of the lamp
florence nightingale
grand old man of britian
gladstoneb
gbs
georhe bernard shaw
man of blood and iron
bismark
father of english poetry
george chauscer
apostle of free trade
richard cobden
dersert fox
gen rommel
father of geography
eratoshthenes
he wrote geographica
first person to divide earth into 360 degree
hipparchus
first thinker who thought earth was spherical
aristotle
first cartographer
anaximander
aryabhatta wrote
aryabhattiyam
who wrote leelavati and bijaganit
bhaskaracharya
…. has been described as jambu dweep in puranas
india
who proposed boson theory
satyendra nath bose
who wrote kitab al hind
al beruni
who travelled around antarctica
james cook
who wrote cosmos
alexander von humboldt
coined the term climatology and permafrost
father of modern geography
who wrote anthropogeography
ratzel
real founder of human geography
vidal DE AL BLANCHE
father of cultural geo
carl ortwin sauer
first person to invent natural geo
herbertson
study of universw
cosmology