legal Flashcards
first political philosopher of india
mn roy
interim president of constituent assembly
sachidanand sinha
how long did it take to complete the constitution
2 years 11 months 18 days
articles before and now
395 and 450
schedules before and now
8 and 12
parts before and now
22 and 24
when was the national flag adopted
22nd july 1947
designed by pingali venkaiah of andhra pradesh
objective resolution was proposed by
nehru
which amend amended the constitution
42nd, 1976
during which case was preamble declared part of constitution
keshavanadan bharati
art 1-3
union and territory
art 5-11
citizenship
art 12-35
fundamental rights
art 36-51
directive principles of state policy
art 51A
fundamental duties
art 52-72
president and vice president
art 74-78
union ministers and attorney general
art 80-120
parliament
art 124-143
supreme court
art 148-149
comptroller and auditor general of india
art 153-161
governor
art 165
state ministries and advocate general
art 169-213
state legislature
art 215-227
high courts
art 233-235
subordinate courts
art 239-239AA
union territories
art 243B-244K
panchayats
art 243Q-243X
municipalities
art 248
centre-state legislature relations
art 300A
right to property
art 312
public services
art 315-317
public service commissions
art 323A
tribunals
art 324
elections
art 331-333
special provisions for scs sts and others
art 343-348
official languages
art 352-360
emergency provisions
art 368
amendment act
where is the feature of parliamentary form of government and bicameral legislature adopted from
UK
federal structure
canada
concurrent list
australia
dpsp
ireland
fundamental rights
USA
amendments
South africa
preamble
UN
single citizenship
canada
fundamental duties
Russia
formation of alternate governments
italy
emergency provisions
germany
how many languages in 8th schedule
22 languages
defination of state under
art 12
right to education
86th amend
act- 2002
art 14
right to equality
exceptions to law of equality under
art 361
art 15
no discrimination on basis of religion race caste sex and place of birth
art 16
equal opportunity
art 17
abolition of untouchability
art 18
abolition of titles
right to freedom
art 19(1)
art 20[1]
rule of ex facto laws
cant be punished for something that isnt an offence at the time of committing
art 20[2]
double jeopardy
art 20[3]
rule of self incrimination
art 21
protection of life and personal liberty
art 22
protection against arrest and detention
art 23
no human traffic
art 24
no child labour
art 25
right to profess religion
which article was established by first amend act 1951
art 31[A]
saves laws providing for acqusition of estates
article instituted by 25th amend of 1971
art 31[c]
art 32[2]
writs
art 33
to modify the rights
authority with supreme court
art 52
president
first citizen of india
president
nominal executive
35 years of age
electoral college
who is real excutive
council of ministries headed by pm
electoral college amend
70th amend 1992
art 61
impeachment of president
first and longest serving president
rajendra prasad
only person to perform duties of president two times
hidayatullah
only president to win the election as an independent candidate
vv giri
how many pres impeached
none
12th president
pratibha patil
15th pres
droupadi murmu
art 123
ordinance making power
power to grant pardon
art 72
ex officio chairman of rajya sabha
vice pres
pm is appointed by
president
council of ministries is collectively responsible to
lok sabha
comptroller and auditor gen holds office until
65 years of age
all about lok sabha
max-550 [now-543]
91st amend, 2001
freeze lok sabha till 2026
25 years of age
oath administered by pro term speaker
presiding officer- speaker
rajya sabha
max- 250 [245]
30 years of age
1/3rd members retire every 2 years
feb-may session
budget session
longest
july-aug session
monsoon session
winter session
nov-dec
shortest
sc
33 judges and 1 cj
total how many hc in india
25 high courts
art 217
appointment of judges
art 226
issuing writs
art 324
election commission of india
chief election commissioner + 2 election commissioners
who recommended election commission be a 3 member body
dinesh goswami committee
nominal executive head of state
governor
addresses the first session of state legislature
real executive head of the government
chief minister
under which amend delhi was declared national capital territory
69th amend act 1991
national emergency
352
consitutional emergency
356
financial emergency
360
grounds under national emergency were amended by
44th amend act-1978
financial emergency decleared
zero times
national emergency has been declared how many times
3
1962 71 and 75
seat of supreme court
delhi
upper house and lower house
rajya and lok sabha
upper house and lower house of state
vidhan parishad and vidhan sabha
max interval between two sessions of parliament/state assembly
6 months
president oath of office and submits resignation to
cji and vice-president
first pres to die in office
zakir hussai
only person to have served both an acting pres and pres of india
varahagiri venkata giri
2nd pres to die in office
fakhruddin ali ahmed
unanimously elected speaker of the lok sabha
neelam sanjiva reddy
first female governor of rajasthan
pratibha patil
first vice pres of india
sarvepalli radhakrishnan 1884 [also when the first pres was chosen]
now vice pres of india
jagdeep dhankar
nehru was mp of
phulpur
5th pm
indira gandhi
6th pm
moraji desai
8th pm
indira gandhi
op blue star
assassination on 31st oct 1984
op forward-1982
9th pm
rajiv gandhi
17th pm
manmohan singh
18th
modi
2nd most followed politician after obama
first deputy pm
sardar vallabh bhai patel
last deputy pm
lal krishnan advani
first chief election commissioner
sukumar sen
current chief election commissioner
rajiv kumar
first chairman of finance commission
1951-kc neogy
chairman of 15th finance commission
2017-nk singh
first chief justice of india
hj kania
chandrachud
50th cji
first hc in india
andhra pradesh hc 1954
latest hc
teleangana hc- 2019
calcutta hc in
andaman and nicobar
west bengal
gauhati hc
arunachal pradesh
assam
mizoram
nagaland
bomaby hc
dadra and nagar haveli
daman and diu
goa
recommendation of of balwant rai mehta committee
decentralised system
which amend added 9th schedule
1st amend 1951
10th amend 1961
incorporated dadar and nagr havelli as ut
12th amend 1962
goa daman and diu as ut
13th amend 1962
created nagaland as a state
14th amend 1963
former french territories were included in the schedule as ut of pondicherry
18th amend 1966
reorganised the punjab haryana and ut of chandigarh
21st amend 1967
included sindhi as the 15th regional language
maybe refer to tb for amend list
actus reus
a guilty act
a reprimand from a judge to a defendant who has been discharged from the further prosecution of an offence
admonition
unlawful violence
affray
amicus curiae
a friend of the court
an act of erasing from legal memory some aspect of criminal conduct by an offender
amnesty
animus
intention
antecedents
an accused or convicted persons past crimes and bad character
audi alteram partem
hear the other side
aut punier and dedere
either punish or surrender
bailiff
seizure of goods of a debtor
caveat
let him beware
warning
clemency
pardon or mercy
damnum sine injuria
damage without injury
de facto
in fact
de jure
as a matter of legal right
demagogue
a person who is able to get the support of the people by exciting their feelings and prejudices
embargo
detention of ships at port
embezzlement
dishonest appropriation by an employee of any money or property given to him on behalf of employer
estoppel
prevents a person from denying the truth of a statement he has made
ex post facto
by a subsequent act
factum probanda
fact in issue
gratuitous
free or with no money being offered
hypothecation
using property such as a security as a collateral for a loan but not transferring the legal ownership to the lender
ignorantia juris non excusat
ignornace of law is no excuse
injuria sine damno
injury without damage
ipso facto
by the very nature of the case/ by the mere fact
in limine
in initial stage
in prompt
in readiness
inter alia
among other things
inter se
among themselves
in personam
a proceeding in which relief is sought against a specific person
interim
temporary or not final
interlocutory
during the course of proceedings
interstate
to die without making a will
intra vires
within powers
jus
law or right
kickback
illegal commission paid to someone who helps in a business deal
larceny
crime of stealing goods that belong to another person
locus standi
right of a party to an action to appear and be heard by the court
mala fide
bad faith
mens rea
guilty mind
mesne profits
rents and profits which a trespasser has received/made during his occupation of premises which are lost to the actual owner
modus operandi
way of working
modus vivendi
way of living
nemo debet bis vexari
no man ought to be twice vexed
next friend
person who brings an action of behalf of a minor
novation
transaction in which a new contract is agreed by all parties to replace an existing contract
obiter dictum
a remark in passing
ombudsman
an official who investigates complaints by the public against the government departments
palimony
paid by man to woman after they have separated
per incuriam
through lack of care
perjury
an offence of giving false evidence
persona non grata
an unacceptable or unwelcome person
pilfer
steal small objects with small amounts of money
privity
a relationship that exists between two people as a result of their participation in a transaction
probate
legal acceptance that a document is valid
pro bono publica
for the public good
prorogue
an act of ending of a sesssion
proxy
one who acts for another
ratio decidendi
the reason for deciding
repudiate
to refuse to accept
rescind
to annul or cancel
res ipsa loquitur
the thing speaks for itself
res judicate
the matter has been decided
respondeat superior
let the principal answer
restitution in intergrum
restoration to original position
retrospective legislation
legislation that operates on matters taking place before its enactment
sine die
without a date
stare decisis
to stand by things decided
sui generic
of its own kind
sui juris
of its own right
subpoena
ordering someone to show up in court
subrogation
where a person stands in place of another person and acquires that persons rights and it responsible for that persons liabilities
tortfeasor
one who commits a tort
tortious
having the nature of a tort-wrongful
ubi jus ibi remedium
where there is wrong there is remedy
vexatious
annoying/done in a way to annoy
volenti non fit injuria
no wrong is done to one who consents
whip
an important party official
acta exteriota indicant interiora secreta
acts indicate the intention
actio personalis moritur cum persona
personal right of action dies with the person
actus curiae meminem gravabit
an act of court will prejuduce no one
conjunctio animorum
free consent is essential to declare a marriage valid
ex aequo et bono
something done in justice and good faith
ex dolo malo non oritur contractus
no contract arises from a crime
ex turpi causa non oritur actio
no action arises out of a wrongful consideration
fraus est celare fraudem
it is fraud to conceal a fraud
furiosi nulla voluntas est
mad men have no free will
furtum
place where theft is committed
is qui omnino desipit
an insane person
nemo tenetur seipsum accusare
no self incrimination
pre tempore
for the time being
res nullius naturaliter fit primi occupantis
a thing that has no owner naturally belongs to the first taker
scienti et volenti non fit injuria
an injury is not done to who knows and wills it
tacere per quadriennium utile
void ab initio cause person is a minor
testis de virus praeponderat aliis
an eye witness outweighs others
word secularism was added through
42nd amendment , 1976
home ministry
sardar vallabhbhai patel
sectretary to deal with princely states
vp menon
junagadh [first state to be accessed] in
gujarat
who ruled over kashmir
hari singh
first linguistic state of independent india
andhra pradesh
who took fast for the formation of andhra pradesh
sri potti sree ramulu
initially how many states
14
initially how many uts
6
15th to 29th state
gujarat
nagaland
haryana
himachal pradesh
meghalaya
manipur
tripura
sikkim
arunachal pradesh
goa
uttarakhand
chhatisgarh
jharakhand
telangana
which article has been defanged and scrapped
art 370 and art 35A
now how many stateand Uts
28 states and 8 UTS
when was citizenship act, 1955
1986
who constitutes as a nri
183 days
oci provision was made to citizenship act in
2004
pios exception
pakistan and bangladesh
which part of the constitution is called the cornerstone of constitution
part 3
which part is conscience of constitution
part 4-dpsp
magna carta of india
denial of medical aid by a government hospital to an injured person violates which article
and
long delay in execution of death sentence may evoke protection of which article
21
right to education was amended through 2002
86th amend
when remuneration is less than min wages it violates
art 23
heart and soul of constitution
cons remedies
by br ambedkar
writ-
tells the sleeping authority to wake up and perform its public authority
mandamus
issued by a superior to an inferior court to prevent it from usurping its jurisdiction
prohibition
certiorari
acts in excess of their legal authority
examines the legality of the claim of a person to a public office
quo warranto
exceptions to fundamental rights under
art 33
doctrine or theory of harmonization
between fundamental rights and dpsp
panchayats were organised upon the recommendations of
balwant rai mehta committee in 1959
fundamental duties are incorporated through
42nd amend act
11 duties
originally how many fr
7
the veto law was incorporated from
usa
ordinance making power
art 123
ordinance expires within
6 weeks
power to grant pardons
art 72
only cji to discharge the duties of president
hidayatullah
who was elected unopposed
neelam sanjeeva reddy
emergency provisions
part 18
national emergency
art 352
armed rebellion was added to national emergency through
44th amend, 1978
also added the word cabinet
who is the keystone of cabinet arch
prime minister
where has the number of ministers in council of ministers fixed
delhi
1/10th of members of MLAs
ministers hold the office during the pleasure of the
president
first legal officer of government of india
attorney general
comptroller and auditor general of india
term of 6 years and upto age of 65 years
ears and eyes of the public accounts committee
the governor is appointed by
president
who appoints cm
governor
council of ministers of the state is answerable to
vidhan sabha
money bill of state is introduced only in
vidhan sabha
5th wheel of the coach
comptroller and auditor general of india
jammu and kashmir has how many members of parliament
5
how many members of ladakh represented in the parliament
1
where is the oath administered
rashtrapati bhavan
an adjournment motion must be supported by not less than…..people
50
how many judges were in sc before
7
which court is the court of record according to art 129
sc and hc
sc is in
delhi
there have been how many references to sc so far
12
2G reference happened in
2012
which case introduced curative petition
rupa ashok hurra vs ashok hurra-2002
curative petition was overruled in
nirbhaya gangrape and murder case
electoral system of india is borrowed from
UK
term of election commissioner
6 years
until 65 years of age
watch dog of merit system
union public service commission
member of UPSC are appointed by
president
members of SPSCs are appointed by
government
balancing wheel of fiscal federalism
finance commission
which indian state has its own constitution
jammu and kashmir
niti aayog was formed in
2015
ex officio chairman of niti aayog
prime minister
father of indian constitution
br ambedkar
first speaker of lok sabha
gv malgaonkar
consitutent assembly for divided india
9th dec 1946
india follows consitutution of …. closely
UK
words added through 42nd amend
socialist secular integrity
the right to property now is a
legal right
4th estate in democracy
media
what state has prohibited the use of word harijan
UP
the source of we the people in preamble is taken from
UN
how many times the preamble has been amended
1
fundamental rights are called
negative rights
vice president article
art 63
president elected unopposed
ns reddy
chairman of national integration concil
PM
how many prime ministers so far
7
how many states and uts
28 and 8
first linguistic state
andhra pradesh
anglo indian article
art 331
house of elders
rajya sabha
max members from backward classes
bihar
term of lok sabha
permanency
second president
radhakrishna
who introducer PIL
pn bhgwati
from which country corruotion of pli was imported
us
popularization of pil
pn bhagwati and krishna iyer
preamble was proposed by
nehru
first schedule cast cji
kb balakrishnan
which pm held the shortest term
atal bihar vajpayee
13 days
who was a member of rajya sabha when they were appointed as pm
indira gandhi
min age for pres and pm
35 and 25
proclaimation of emergency ceases if not approved by pres within
1 month
seats allocated schedule tribes in lok sabha
78
which write is bulwark of personal freedom
habeas corpus
which hc cover more than one state/ut
guwahati mumbai
4 stataes
total hc
25
hc of west bengal got additional jurisdiction to hear cased from
andaman and nicobar
cosecutive 2 terms pres
rajendra prasad
who got bahart ratna after becoming pres
zakir hussain
which state has no panchayat raj at all
assam
high courts that cover 4 states
guwuhati and mumbai
4th pillar
cag
consitution amended first in
1951
first education minister
maulana azad
indira swaney vs uoi
mandal commission
first attorney general of india
mc satalvad
who draft penal code
lord macaulay
philosopher president of india
radhakrishnan
only person to have served both an acting pres and pres
vv giri
who was pres during emergency
fakhruddin ali ahmed
who used veto power during indian postal bill
giani zail singh
longest serving cji
chandrachud
first scheduled caste cji
balakrishnan
first sikh cji
js khehar
a remark in passing that is something said by a judge while giving judgement that was no essential to the decision in the case
obiter dictum
ratio of the case that is binding on inferior courts by reason of doctrine of precent
ratio decidendi
public holidays are declared under
negotiable instruments act 1881
lawywer appointed by court ti represent a poor litigant
amicus curiae
first indian barrister
chitranjan das
first mobile court of india
haryana
which pm introduced anti defection law was introduced
rajiv gandhi
law is an ass said by
charles dickens
speakers vote in lok sabha is called
casting vote
concept of consitution was first originated in
UK
public interest litigation
US
reservation of educational seats based on caste
state of madras vs champakam dorairajan 1951
parliament could not restrict fundamental right
golaknath vs state of punjab
1967
doctrine of prospective overruling
basic structure
keshavnanada 1973
clarification of basic structure
minerva mills 1980
collegium system
on record association 1993
habeas corpus case
shivkant shukla
freedom of speech and expression
maneka gandhi 1978
50% quota
indira sawney
lt. governor has mo decision making powers
nct of delhi 2018
abolish collegium system
on record association 2015
women banned from worshipping due to pregnancy
indian young lawyers association vs kerela 2018
sedition
prashant bushan 2020
basic structure is being borrowed from
germany
national human rights commission
2019
chair-cji or judge of sc
3 members or more women
elected by pm
term of members of nhrc
5 years upto the age of 70 years of age
national commission for minorities
1992
jain added in 2014
what gave the traders administrative rights
diwani rights
indian council act
1862
government of india act
1858, 1919 and 1935
which plan divuded india into india and pak
mountbatten plan 1947
brit accepted the demand to form constitution in the form of
august offer
which plan formed our constitution
cabinet mission plan
cripps mission
stafford cripps
first meeting
9th dec 1946
objective resolution
13th dec 1946
temperory pres of ca
sachidanand sinha
interim vice pres
hc mukerjee
preamble adopted on
22nd jan 1947
who called india constitution quasi federal
kc wheare
judicial review
indep of judiciary
preamble
usa
indian federation
canada
freedom of trade and commerce
australia
schedules
tears of old pm
trick to learn
6th schedule is applicable at
assam
tripura
mizoram
meghalaya
which state is protesting to be part of 6th schedule
ladakh
9th schedule
1st amend, 1951
related to land reforms
10th schedule
52nd amend 1985
anti defection
11th schedule
73rd 1992
panchayat
12th schedule
74th amend 1992
municipalities
summary and essence of constitution
premable
socialist secular and integrity
added through 42nd amend 1976
ultimate soverignty lies with
people of india
date of adoption
26th nov 1949
magna carta of constitution
fundamental rights
the only absolute fundamental right
art 17
abolition of untouchability
which 2 articles cannot be suyspended during emergency
art 20 and 21
equality before law
uk
equal protection of law
us
from where have borrowed our provision of procedure of law
japanese
which amend added art 21 A
86th amend act 2002
children age
below 14
secularism
the state doesnt have a religion of its own
cultural and educational rights
art 29 and 30
heart and soul of constitution
writs-constitutional remedies
said by br ambedkar
dpsp are
non justiciable
fr are
justiciable
art 44
uniform civil code
art 39A
42nd amend 1976
free legal aid
fundamental duties
42nd amend 1976
11st fundamental duty
86th amend 2002
parents or guardians are obliged to send their child to school
between age 6 to 14
qualifications of president
art 58
atleast 35 years of age
vice pres
art 63
pm and council of ministers
art 74 and 75
attorney general
art 76
appointed by pres
r venkatraman
first attorney general
motilal setalvad
guardian of public purse
comptroller and auditor general of india
art 148
girish murmu
first CAG
v narahari rao
disqualification of rajya sabha members
art 102
court of record
art 129
firat hc
1862
common hc
7
part 20
amendments
romesh thappas vs state of madras
1950
upheld the freedom of speech and expression
freedom of press is part of 19(1)
the berubari union and exchange of enclaves v unknown
1960
preamble is not part of constitution
amend the constitution[art 1]
9th amend act, 1960
ceeding a part of the country
[regarding parts between india and pak]
golaknath vs state of punjab
1967
fundamental rights cannot be amended
24th amend 1971
prospective overruling
keshavanand bharati vs state of kerela
1973
13 judge bench
parliament can amend any provision
overturned golaknath case
basic structure doctrine
guradian of basic structure
supreme court
indira gandhi vs raj narain
1975
sc struck down 39th amend 1975- 329A
application of keshavnand bharti case
free and fair elections
minerva mills vs uoi
1980
42nd amend act challenged
balance between part 3 and 4 i.e fr and dpsp
doctrine of harmonious construction
per incuriam
mistaken decision
sine die
adjourned without fixing any date for the next meeting
lis pendens
pending suit
99th amend act that was struck down
national judicial appointment commission
cji and other judges of HC are appointed by
president
oath of hc judge is administered by
governor
sc was set up under
regulating act 1773
salaries of judges of sc are charged on
consolidated fund of india
where were hc first set up
bombay madras and calcutta
what does judicial review entail
examine the constitutional validity of the laws
judicial review is based on
procedure established by law
hadley vs baxindale is a case on
damanges for breach of constract
injuria sine damno case
ashby vs white
tort is violation of
a right in rem
propounder of pigeon hole throty
salmond
nothing is an offence done by a child under the age of
7 years
9th schedule was added through
1st amend land reforms
which amend ceased tge reservation of seats for anglo indians
104th amend
finance commission article
art 280
national panchayati raj day
april 24
saksham app launched by eci
to facilitate vote reguistration and electoral services for personns with disabilities [pwds]
same sex marriage case recent
supriyo vs uoi
tort derived from latin word
tortum
our law is based on
english common law
torts
civil wrong
violation of right in rem
uncodified
unliquidated damages
civil wrong
rights of an individual are violated
criminal wrong
rights of the society are violated
damnum sine injuria case
gloucester grammar school
volenti non fit injuria exceptions
rescue case
negligence
ex turpi causa non oritur action
from an immoral cause no action can arise
vis major
act of god
nicholas v marshland
negligence case
donoghue v stevenson
nuisance derived from word
nuire french word
to hurt or to infuriate
strict liability case
reylands vs fletcher
absolute liability cases
mc mehta vs uoi
bhopal gas tragedy
partners in a partnership are
jointly and severally liabale
qui facit per alium facit per se
principle of vicarious liability
respondent superior
let the master be liable
deeper pockets
higher paying capacity
when was objective resolution adopted
22nd jan 1947
whart acts as an aid during interpretation of articles
preamble
joint sitting of 2 houses borrowed from
australia
> advisory jurisdiction
appoitment of state governors by centre
vesting of residuary powers in the centre
borrowed from
canada
> nomination of members to rs
method of election of pres
borrowed from
ireland
ideal of justice borrowed from
ussr
> parliamentary government
rule of law
legislative procedure
single citizenship
cabinet
bicameralism
uk
> impeachement
post of vice pres
us
republic borrowed from
france
sr bommai case
1994
who has the authority to make laws
parliament
art 14-18
right to equality
art 19 to 22
right to freedom
art 23-25
right against exploitation
art 25 to 28
right to freedom of religion
art 29 to 30
cultural and educational rights
art 32
remedies
which article can be suspended only during war and external aggression
art 19
state is defined uner
art 12
judicial review article
13
positive concept
equal protection of law
reservation in edu instit amend
93rd
ashok kumar thakur case 2008
ews reservation amend
103rd
equal opportunity exception
sons of soil doctrine
defamation case
subramanya swami vs uoi
right to strike is a ….. right
statutory
right to privacy case
puttaswamy case 2017
concept of writs borrowed from
uk
we command
mandamus
exception- pres and governor
right to vote
art 326
crime is a …. wrong
public
