states of matter, confuction,convection

Question 1

how are particles arranged in a solid

Answer 1

held next to each pet in fixed position

Question 2

how are the particles arranged in a liquid

Answer 2

move about at random and are in contact with eachother but arnt free to move at high speeds

Question 3

how are the particles in a gas arranged

Answer 3

move about randomly and are much further apart than particles in solid or liquid and are free to move at high speeds

Question 4

what state of matter has the highest density

Answer 4

solid

Question 5

what’s it called when a solid turns to a gas

Answer 5

sublimation

Question 6

what state of matter’s particles has the most energy

Answer 6

gas

Question 7

what material is the best conductors of energy

Answer 7

metal

Question 8

what material is the best insulators of energy

Answer 8

wool

fibreglass

Question 9

why are metals so good at conducting energy

Answer 9

1. metal contains free electrons that move about
2. when heated they move faster
3. . they diffuse and collide with other free electrons in the cooler part of the metal
4. so they end up transferring kinetic energy to those free electrons in the cooler part of the metal
5. therefore energy is transferred from the hot end of the Metal to the cold end

Question 10

why are non metals poor conductors

Answer 10

don’t contain free electrons, instead the electrons are held in the atom

so the colder parts of the material don’t get kinetic energy as efficiently

Question 11

what is convection

Answer 11

circulation of a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by heating it

Question 12

what are the properties used to describe each state of matter

Answer 12

1. flow
2. shape
3. volume
4. density

Question 13

what states of matter does convection take place

Answer 13

liquids and gases

Question 14

what happens when u heat a liquid or gas

Answer 14

1. becomes less dense
2. rises
3. cold air is drawn down to replace warm air and heated
4. causes circulation

Question 15

where do covection currents transfer energy

Answer 15

from the hotter parts to the cooler parts

Question 16

why do fluids rise when heated

Answer 16

fluids expand when heated

particles move more, taking up more space. therefore density decreased because same mass is occupying a bigger volume

makes it less dense so rises

Question 17

what rises in convection

Answer 17

hot fluid NOT HEAT

Question 18

do all objects emit infrared radiation

Answer 18

yes

all objects emit infrared radiation

Question 19

what is the main form of heat transfer in solids

Answer 19

conduction

Question 20

what is the main form of heat transfer in gases and liquids

Answer 20

convection

Question 21

explain what happens in terms of particles when you melt a solid into a liquid

Answer 21

the solids particles will gain more kinetic energy

so vibrate more and faster

and eventually overcome the forces of attraction that holds the particles together and become a liquid

Question 22

why is a blanket with holes gonna keep you warmer than a blanket without holes

Answer 22

it traps more air which reduces conduction because air is a better insulator than the blanket material

Question 23

what effects whether a particle can escape a liquid

Answer 23

the speed of it
the direction it’s travelling
how near the surface it is