States Of Matter And Mixtures Flashcards
What are the three states of matter
Solids, liquids, gases
What are the properties of solids
Strong forces of attraction between fixed particles which holds them in fixed positions
The particles don’t move
Definite shape and volume
Not much energy
They hardly move - vibrate. Hotter the solid - more vibrate
What are the properties of liquids
Some force of attraction - free to move past each other
Don’t keep a definite shape, take shape of container. Same volume
Particles have more energy than a solid
Particles are constantly moving with a random motion
What are the properties of gases
No force of attraction - free to move. Travel in straight lines
Don’t keep a definite shape or volume. Fill any container
Have more energy than a solid state and liquid state
Particles move constantly with random motion
What is the process when a solid turns into a liquid
Melting
What is the process when a liquid turns into a gas
Evaporating
What is the process when a liquid turns into a solid
Freezing
What is the process when a gas turns into a liquid
Condensing
What is the process when a solid turns into a gas
Subliming
What does pure mean
A substance is completely made up of a single element or compound
What is a mixture
If a substance has more than one compound present or different elements that aren’t all a single compound
How do you test the purity of a substance
Comparing the actual melting point to the expected value
What is fractional distillation
Separation of a mixture of liquids
What is filtration used to do
Separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
What does crystallisation do
Separates a soluble solid from a solution
