Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the pH scale

A

A measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a neutral substance on the pH scale

A

pH 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an acid

A

A substance with a pH of less than 7.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do acids form in water

A

H+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a base

A

A substance that reacts with an acid to produce salt and watee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an alkali

A

A base that is soluble in water. They have a pH of more than 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do alkalis form in water

A

OH- ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an indicator

A

A dye that changes colour depending on whether it’s above or below a certain pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the colours of litmus

A

Red in acidic solutions
Purple in neutral
Blue in alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the colour of methyl orange when reacting with acids and alkalis

A

Red in acidic solutions
Yellow in neutral
Yellow in alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the colour of phenolphthalein when reacting with acids and alkalis

A

Colourless in acidic solutions
Colourless in neutral
Pink in alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is neutralisation

A

The reaction between an acid and a base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does neutralisation produce

A

Salt and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can acids do in a solution

A

Ionise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the properties of strong acids

A

Ionise almost completely in water

Low pHs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the properties of weak acids

A

Do not fully ionise in solution

pH around 2-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the ionisation of a weak acid

A

A reversible reaction

18
Q

What does acid strength tell you

A

What proportion of the acid molecules ionise in water

19
Q

What does the concentration of acid tell you

A

How much acid there is in a litre

20
Q

What makes a concentrated acid

A

An acid with a large number of acid molecules compared to volume of water

21
Q

What makes a dilute acid

A

A small number of acid particles compared to volume of water

22
Q

What kind of reaction does salt form in

A

A neutralisation reaction

23
Q

What kind of compounds are salts

A

Ionic compounds

24
Q

What salts does hydrochloric acid produce

A

Chloride salts

25
Q

What kind of salts does sulfuric acid produce

A

Sulfate salts

26
Q

What kind of salts does nitric acid produce

A

Nitrate salts

27
Q

Acid + metal oxide —> ?

A

Salt + water

28
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide —>

A

Salt + water

29
Q

Acid + metal —> ?

A

Salt + hydrogen

30
Q

Acid + metal carbonate —> ?

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

31
Q

What is the test for hydrogen

A

Hydrogen makes a ‘squeaky pop’ with a lighted splint

32
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide

A

Bubbling it through limewater. Limewater will turn cloudy

33
Q

What is electrolysis

A

The breaking down of a substance using electricity

34
Q

What is oxidation

A

Loss of electrons

35
Q

What is reduction

A

Gain of electrons

36
Q

What do half equations show

A

How electrons are transferred during reactions

37
Q

What is an electrochemical cell

A

A circuit made up of the anode, cathode, electrolyte, a power source and the wires that connect the two electrodes

38
Q

Can an ionic solid be electrolysed, why

A

No because the ions are in fixed positions and can’t move

39
Q

Can molten ionic compounds be electrolysed, why

A

Yes because the ions can move freely and conduct electricity

40
Q

What happens to positive metal ions during electrolysis

A

They are reduced to metal atoms at the cathode

41
Q

What happens to negative ions during electrolysis

A

They are oxidised to atoms or compounds at the anode

Chemistry (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions