States of Matter Flashcards
Matter
Anything that takes up space and has a mass.
Mass
The measure of the amount of matter in an object.
States of matter
The form that matter exists in (solid, liquid or gas).
Solid
Cannot flow, fixed shape.
Liquid
Can flow, can change shape.
Gas
Particles are very far apart, do not have a fixed volume.
Particles
Small parts that make up everything.
Particle theory
The belief that everything is made up of very small particles.
Viscosity
The flow rate of liquid.
Diffusion
The spreading out of particles to fill the space that they are in.
Melting
Solid to liquid.
Melting
Solid to liquid.
Boiling
Liquid to gas.
Physical change
No new substance is formed, there is no change in mass and the reraction can be easily reversed.
Melting point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
Evaporation
When the particles of a liquid gain so much energy they leave the surface and form a gas.
Boiling point
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.
Condensation
Cooling a gas takes it’s energy, making the particles move closer and become a liquid.
Sublimation
When some substances are heated, they do not become a liquid, they become a gas straight away.
Freezing
The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid.
Compression
Happens when particles are forced closer together to make them fit into a smaller space.
Factors that Affect Diffusion (3)
Temperature, Size of particles and the State of the Diffusing substance.
Product Life Cycle (5 stages)
Extraction Manufacturing Packaging and distribution Product use End of life disposal
Carbon footprint
The total greenhouse gas emmissions caused by an organisation, event, product or individual.
Physical change
Matter changes shape or state but no new substance is formed, e.g: boiling
Chemical change
A new substance is formed, e.g: Burning wood
Law of conservation of mass
States that matter cannot becreated or destroyed but can change from one form to another. The total mass of matter stays the same.
