states of matter

Question 1

what are the three states of matter

Answer 1

the three states of matter are solids ,liquids and gases

Question 2

what are the properties of a solid

Answer 2

solids have a fixed shape and volume. they also cannot be compressed

Question 3

what are the properties of a liquid

Answer 3

Liquids have a fixed volume but they can flow and change their shape. Liquids also occupy just slightly more space than when solid

Question 4

what are the properties of a gas

Answer 4

have no fixed shape or volume. They can be compressed easily.

Question 5

what is the particle theory

Answer 5

the particle theory is used to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases

Question 6

what is the particle theory based on

Answer 6

It is based on the fact that all matter is made up of tiny particles and describes:
* the movement of the particles
* the average distance between particles

Question 7

what happens to the particles in a solid

Answer 7

in a solid, the particles are always touching each other and they always remain in a fixed shape. they cannot move around but they vibrate constantly

Question 8

what happens to the particles in a liquid

Answer 8

in a liquid, the particles are also touching but they can slide over each other and are not in a fixed shape

Question 9

what happens to the particles in a gas

Answer 9

in a gas, the particles have much more space between them.
They can move around at high speeds in any direction. the particles are also not in a fixed shape so they are randomly arranged

Question 10

what is gas pressure

Answer 10

gas pressure is the pressure in a gas the hotter the gas is, the faster the particles move. The pressure of a gas is caused by the particles colliding with the sides of the container. The more frequent the collisions, the higher the pressure of the gas.

Question 11

what happens in melting and boiling

Answer 11

In melting and boiling, energy is transferred from the surroundings to the substance.

Question 12

what happens in freezing and condensing

Answer 12

In freezing and condensing, energy is transferred from the substance to the surroundings.

Question 13

why might ice melt faster

Answer 13

the hotter the solid is the faster it vibrates leading to it to melt faster

Question 14

why might a liquid boil faster

Answer 14

the liquid might boil faster because the hotter the liquid the more the particles move around

Question 15

is each change of state reversible

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

what happens when you melt a solid

Answer 16

when a solid starts to melt (at its melting point) enough energy is transferred from the surroundings to the solid for the forces between the particles in the solid to break. This enables the particles to break away from their fixed positions in the solid and start moving around.

Question 17

what happens when you cool down a substance

Answer 17

when you cool down a substance, this involve particles becoming closer together, such as condensing and freezing (solidifying). The cooling ceases at the boiling point and melting point as energy is transferred from the substance to the surroundings as stronger forces form between particles