states of matter

Question 1

Solid

Answer 1

• There are strong forces of attraction between the particles.
• The particles are in fixed positions in a regular arrangement.
• The particles vibrate about the fixed positions.
• Solids have a fixed shape.

matter that has definite volume and shape.
The molecules are packed together tightly and vibrates in a fixed position.
( solid is also known as ‘Lattice Structure’ )

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

• There are weak forces of attraction between the particles.
• The particles are still fairly close together but they are free to move around.
• Liquids do not have fixed shape. They flow to take the shape of the container.

matter that has definite volume but not shape.
Since the molecules of a liquid are loosely packed and move with greater speed,
a liquid can flow and spread.

Question 3

Gas

Answer 3

• There are very weak forces of attraction between the particles.
• The particles are far apart and are free to move around.
• Gases have no fixed shape. They completely fill the container they are in.

matter that has no definite volume or shape.
Molecules of a gas are so loosely arranged and move so rapidly that they will fill their
container.

Question 4

Melting

Answer 4

the change from solid to liquid.

Question 5

Freezing

Answer 5

the change from liquid to solid.

Question 6

Boiling point

Answer 6

the temperature at which a substance in the liquid state changes to a gaseous state from within as well as from the surface of the substance ( which is the same temperature at which it condenses ).

Question 7

Evaporation

Answer 7

vaporisation from the surface of a liquid.

Question 8

Boiling

Answer 8

vaporisation from within as well as from the surface of a liquid.
( change from liquid to gas )

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

the change from gas to liquid.

Question 10

Sublimation

Answer 10

the change from solid to gas.

Question 11

Deposition

Answer 11

the change from gas to solid.

Question 12

Aqueous (aq)

Answer 12

(aq) Meaning Aqueous solution. An aqueous solution forms when a substance dissolves in water.

Question 13

latent heat

Answer 13

the energy required for a substance to change state

Question 14

vapourisation

Answer 14

the change from liquid to gas

Question 15

condensation point

Answer 15

the temperature at which a substance in the gas state changes to a liquid ( which is the temperature at which it boils ).

Question 16

energy

Answer 16

the ability to do work

Question 17

freezing point

Answer 17

the temperature at which a substance in the liquid state solidifies ( which is the same temperature at which it melts )

Question 18

heat

Answer 18

a measure of the amount of energy contained in an object’s thermal energy store. - It is measured in Joules ( J ).

Question 19

melting point

Answer 19

the temperature at which a substance in the solid state liquifies ( which is the same temperature at which it freezes ).

Question 20

All states of matter

Answer 20

solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Question 21

state symbol

Answer 21

an abbreviation used in a symbol equation to show if a reactant or product is a solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g) or dissolved in water (aq).

Question 22

temperature

Answer 22

the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, measured on degrees Celsius (°C)