states of matter Flashcards
What shape does a solid have?
Fixed shape
What shape does a liquid have?
Matches the shape of their container from the bottom up.
What shape does a gas have?
Spreads out to match the shape of their whole container.
Can a solid be compressed?
Can’t be compressed.
Can a liquid be compressed?
Can’t be compressed significantly.
Can a gas be compressed?
Can be compressed.
Do solids have a fixed volume?
Yes.
Do liquids have a fixed volume?
Yes.
Do gases have a fixed volume?
No, they match the volume of their container.
Can solids flow?
Don’t flow.
Can liquids flow?
Flow easily.
Can gases flow?
Diffuse
(Spread out until equally distributed throughout a container)
State three points of the particle model.
- All matter is made up of tiny particles.
- Particles are represented by small, solid spheres.
- Three states of matter have different arrangements of particles.
State three points of the particle model’s limitations.
- Particles have forces of attraction between them that cannot be shown using this model.
- Particles can be different shapes depending on the substance.
- Particles are not solid; much of the particles are empty space.
Describe the motion of particles in a solid.
Particles only vibrate around a fixed point, they cannot move.
Describe the motion of particles in a liquid.
Particles can flow over each other but still remain close together.
Describe the motion of particles in a gas.
Particles can move freely in a container.
solid → gas is…
subliming
solid → liquid is…
melting
liquid → gas is…
boiling
gas → liquid is…
condensing
liquid → solid is…
freezing
gas → solid is…
subliming (or deposition)
solid → gas
energy is..
[provided or removed]
Provided
solid → liquid
energy is…
[provided or removed]
Provided
liquid → gas
energy is…
[provided or removed]
Provided
gas → liquid
energy is…
[provided or removed]
Removed
liquid → solid
energy is…
[provided or removed]
Removed
gas → solid
energy is…
[provided or removed]
Removed
The temperature at which a substance turns from a solid to a liquid is called
…the melting point
The temperature at which a substance turns from a liquid to a solid is called
…the freezing point
The temperature at which a substance turns from a liquid to a gas is called
…the boiling point
The temperature at which a substance turns from a gas to a liquid is called
…the condensing point
Melting point = […] point
MELTING POINT = FREEZING POINT
Boiling point = […] point
BOILING POINT = CONDENSING POINT
Describe the difference between evaporation and boiling.
[evaporation]
- A substance can evaporate at any temperature whilst it is a liquid.
- Evaporation can only take place at the surface of a liquid.
Describe the difference between evaporation and boiling.
[boiling]
- A substance can only boil at one temperature; the boiling point of that substance.
- Boiling takes place throughout the liquid.
Between particles there are [_o__es _f a__ra___on]
Between particles there are forces of attraction.
The stronger the forces between the particles, the more energy needed to change the state of the substance. This means that the melting and boling points […]
…will be higher.
The weaker the forces between the particles, the less energy needed to change the state of the substance. This means that the melting and boiling points […]
…will be lower.
Above its boiling point a substance is […]
gas
Between its melting & boiling points a substance is […]
liquid
Below its melting point a substance is […]
solid
What is all matter made up of?
Particles.
