separating mixtures

Question 1

what are the three properties in substances?

Answer 1

solids, liquids, gas

Question 2

give three examples of pure substances

Answer 2

oil, ruby, pure sugar

Question 3

give three examples of mixed substances

Answer 3

chocolate milk, lemonade, tap water

Question 4

what is the difference between pure and mixed substances?

Answer 4

mixed substances have more than one ingredient, whereas pure substances have only one ingredient included

Question 5

when you dissolve a solid in water what is it called?

Answer 5

a solution

Question 6

what is the solid that was dissolved called?

Answer 6

a solute

Question 7

what is the liquid of a solution called?

Answer 7

the solvent

Question 8

what does a dilute solution have?

Answer 8

less solute, more solvent

Question 9

what does a concentrated solution have?

Answer 9

less solvent, more solute

Question 10

what is an atom?

Answer 10

an atom is the smallest particle of an element

Question 11

what is a molecule?

Answer 11

a molecule is a particle that consists two or more atoms that are chemically combined

Question 12

what is a mixture?

Answer 12

a mixture is where two or more substances are mixed but not chemically combined e.g, iron and sulphur separate with a magnet

Question 13

what is a melting point? (m.p)

Answer 13

it is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas

Question 14

what do you call a solid that dissolves in water?

Answer 14

soluble (solute)

Question 15

what do you call a solid that does not dissolve in water?

Answer 15

insoluble

Question 16

what is a solute?

Answer 16

it is a solid that dissolves in water e.g. salt

Question 17

what is a solution?

Answer 17

it’s formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

Question 18

what is residue?

Answer 18

it’s the solid that remains on the filter paper

Question 19

what is the filtrate?

Answer 19

it’s the solution which passes through the filter paper

Question 20

what is distillate?

Answer 20

it is the liquid which is collected after the condensation of vapour during the distillation process

Question 21

what is miscible/immiscible

Answer 21

liquids mix/liquids do not mix

Question 22

what is condensation?

Answer 22

condesnation occurs when a gas changes to a liquid, vapour to water

Question 23

what is evaporation?

Answer 23

evaporation occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below the boiling point (b.p)

Question 24

name the separating techniques

Answer 24

filtration, evaporation and crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation, separating funnel, chromatography