States of Matter Flashcards
what are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid and gas
what state of matter has the most energy?
gas, their particles are the most spread apart with a random arrangement
what is the state of matter with the second most energy?
liquid, particles are still apart however they are closer together than gas particles. They move in a random order
what is the state of matter with the least energy?
solid, particles are not moving they are just vibrating in an arranged order. Also, they are very close to each other
what do physical changes involve?
the forces between the particles of the substances instead of these interconversions being chemical changes
melting and freezing take place where?
at the melting point
what is it called when a solid turns into a liquid?
melting
what is it called when a liquid turns into a solid?
freezing
what is it called when a liquid turns into a gas?
boiling
what is it called when a gas turns into a liquid?
condensing
what happens to the particles when you change from solid to liquid to gas?
the particles gain more kinetic energy, move around more and become more randomly arranged and further apart
what happens to particles when you change from gas to liquid to solid?
the particles lose kinetic energy, move less and become more regularly arranged and closer together
what is diffusion?
the movement of particles from a high area of concentration to an area of low concentration
for diffusion to work, what do the particles need to do?
they must be able to move. Particles in a solid cannot diffuse
how are coloured solutions diluted by adding water?
because the particles of the colour diffuse to the air of low concentrations, mixing with the water molecules, causing dilution to occur
