Ionic bonding

Question 1

what are ions?

Answer 1

atoms that have lost or gained electrons/ electron

Question 2

what happens when metals react with non-metals?

Answer 2

electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred
metal atoms -> lose electrons and become positively charged ions
non metals atoms -> gain electrons to become positively charged ions

Question 3

what are cation?

Answer 3

positive ions

Question 4

what are anion?

Answer 4

negative ions

Question 5

what is the charge for the 7 metal groups? (there is no 4th group)

Answer 5

group 1 -> +1
group 2 -> +2
group 3 -> +3
group 5 -> -3
group 6 -> -2
group 7 -> -1

Question 6

when are ionic compounds formed?

Answer 6

when a metal and nonmetal react

Question 7

what are ionic bonds formed by?

Answer 7

the transfer of electrons from the outer shell of the metal to the outer shell of the nonmetal

Question 8

what happens to the metal and nonmetal after ionic bonds?

Answer 8

the metal form a positive ion and the nonmetal forms a negative ion

Question 9

what is another name for a giant structure of ions?

Answer 9

ionic compound

Question 10

what are ionic compounds held together by?

Answer 10

a strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 11

what is it called when forces act in all direction in the lattice?

Answer 11

ionic bonding

Question 12

why do compounds with giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points?
(2 points)

Answer 12

• they have a strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
• requires a lot of energy to overcome these forces of attraction

Question 13

why do ionic compound do not conduct electricity when a solid, but do conduct when in a aqueous solution (one in which the solvent is liquid water)?

Answer 13

• as a solid, the ions are in fixed positions so can’t conduct electricity
• in an aqueous solution ions move more freely, carrying charge and conducting electricity