State Test Flashcards
Mark (the broker), is selling Maria’s house (the client). Who determines the amount of commission paid in a transaction?
Principal/client and broker
If an ad for a property states that the property is near the vicinity of a geographical area, what else must the ad include?
And if geographical area the location is located
Key Points to Know:
Definition: A written explanation, to be signed by a prospective buyer or seller of real estate, explaining to the client the role that the broker plays in the transaction.
– The Agency Disclosure Form is signed at the first substantive contact.
When should the Agency Disclosure Form be submitted?
: At the first substantive contact
The Property Condition Disclosure Act requires the seller to submit to the buyer, a ‘Property Condition Disclosure Statement, prior to signing the contract of sale
Not signed buyer receives $500 credit
Definition:
Someone authorized to transact every kind of business for the principal.
Example: Property Manager
General Agent
Special agent
Definition:
An agent with limited authority to act on behalf of the principal, such as created by a listing.
Example: Real Estate Agent / Real Estate Broker
What type of listing agreement is it where the listing broker earns a commission for the sale of the property, even if the owners themselves sell the property?
Exclusive right to sell
Principal or Client
Buyer or seller
Real Estate Salespersons/Agents DO NOT collect money or commissions.
It’s paid to the broker
Elements of an Independent Contractor:
– Pay their own taxes on commissions
– Responsible for paying social security taxes and self-employment taxes.
– Have no set work hours
– Have no specific job location
– Can be employed with another company or employer
– Covers his/her own expenses (transportation, cell phone, clothing)
– Either party can terminate the relationship at time
As independent contractors, what can sales agents be provided by their sponsoring broker?
Office phone
What type of estate is created when only one person holds title to real property?
Ownership in severalty
Marcus was not paid for the supplies and labor he provided to homeowner Sam during a recent renovation of Sam’s house.. What kind of lien will be filed against Sam?
Mechanics lien
A mortgage lien is an example of a ?
specific lien.
Fee simple estate
Absolute ownership of real property; a person has this type of estate where the person is entitled to the entire property with unconditional power of disposition during the person’s life and descending to the person’s heirs or distributees.
Most properties in ny have what kind of deed
Fee simple estate deed
1) Unless determined to be a lesser estate, the transfer of title to real property in NYS creates what type of interest?
Fee simple
Conveyance
The transfer of the title of land from one to another. The means or medium by which title of real estate is transferred.
The transfer of title to real property is also known as?
Conveyance
There are 3 acceptable types of property descriptions:
1) Metes and bounds
2) Description by reference, lot and block
3) Monuments
1) What clause in the deed describes the property?
Legal description
Covenants in a deed provide what?
That the grantee will own the property and has a right to convey it or right of quiet enjoyment.
What is the summary of the chronological history of title and related documents to that called?
Abstract of title
What capabilities must a party possess in order to enter into a valid contract?
Mentally and emotionally capable and must be 18 years of age
4) Who signs the contract first?
Purchaser
What is a loft lease?
Answer: A lease for space that is not divided into rooms
Percentage lease
A lease of property in which the rental is based upon the percentage of the volume of sales made upon the leased premises, usually provides for minimal rental.
Which types of commercial properties use percentage leases?
Retail store/ shopping mall
Who is responsible for the terms in the lease if the unit has been subleased
Leasee or tenant
Which clause in the lease allows landlords to raise rents during the term of the lease?
Escalation clause
An agreement in which a tenant is permitted to develop a piece of property during the lease period, after which the land and all improvements are turned over to the property owner.
Ground lease
This long-term lease (also referred to as a land lease) is commonly used for commercial property.
A type of short-term loan, typically taken out for a period of 2 weeks to 3 years.
A bridge loan is a type of gap mortgage in which funds are provided over and above an already existing loan until more permanent financing is in place.
Swing loan- gap loan
1) What type of financing is used to purchase a new property when the old property hasn’t been sold yet?
Swing loan
Mortgagor is the
Borrower
Mortgagee is the
Lender
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA)
Definition:
A consumer protection statute, first passed in 1974. The purpose of RESPA are
1) To help consumers become better shoppers for settlement services and
2) To eliminate kickbacks and referral fees that unnecessarily increase the costs of certain settlement services.
RESPA requires:
1) A Good Faith Estimate (GFE)
2) HUD Booklet
3) HUD Form No.1
1) What does the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) require?
Good faith estimate of the closing costs for federally funded loans
Wraparound mortgage
form of secondary financing for the purchase of real property. The seller extends to the buyer a junior mortgage which wraps around the existing in addition to any superior mortgages already secured by the property.
A new mortgage that is higher in amount wraps around an existing first mortgage that’s smaller in amount is known as what?
Wraparound loan
Secondary mortgage
Key Points to Know:
The primary mortgage market is the lending institution where the mortgage originates
Example: Bank of America gives a loan to the homeowner.
The secondary mortgage market is where the loans originated in the primary mortgage market are bought and sold.
The Truth in Lending Act of 1968 is United States federal law designated to promote the informed use of consumer credit, by requiring disclosures about its terms and cost to standardize the manner in which costs associated with borrowing are calculated and disclosed.
Truth in lending act
The NYS Department of Financial Services registers and licenses all companies and individuals who conduct mortgage related services in New York.
NYS Department of Financial Services (formerly known as the NYS Banking Department
Occurs when the monthly payment is less than full interest and does not pay any principal. The interest that is unpaid accrues and the principal balance owed increases.
Negative amortization
States that the borrower cannot pay off the loan at any time before expiration of the full mortgage term without a financial penalty for early payoff.
Prepayment penalty clause
Eminent domain
right of the government to acquire property for necessary public use by condemnation; the owner must be fairly compensated.
Polychlorinated bihpenyls (PCBs)
PCBs were widely used as dielectric and coolant fluids, for example in transformers, capacitors, and electric motors.
carcinogenic component was used as insulation in electric transformers that contaminated soil and groundwater
1) What is a CMA (Comparative Market Analysis) NOT?
It is the following
a) An estimate
b) A theoretical value
c) An opinion
appraisal
One of the causes of depreciation. It is the loss of desirability and usefulness caused by new inventions, changes in design, and improved processes for production, or from the influence of external factors. Obsolescence may be either economic or functional.
Obsolescence
no exemptions and contains the blanket statement that ‘citizens have the same rights to inherit, buy, sell, or lease real and personal property.
Prohibits racial discrimination
Civil right act of 1866
1988 Amendment to the Civil Rights Act
added two new protected classes:
– Persons with mental or physical disabilities
– Familial status
What is convincing owners to sell/lease property by telling them a particular group of people are moving into the area called
Block busting
Red-lining
The refusal to lend money within a specific area for various reasons. This practice is illegal.
Before the Fair Housing Act, some lenders circled certain local areas with a red line on the map, refusing to make loans within the circled areas based on some characteristic of property owners in the area.
Areas
1 side x 1 side = area of a square
width x depth = area of a rectangle
½ base x height = area of a triangle (remember a triangle is equal to ½ of a rectangle)
1 Acre =
1 Hectare =
43,560 square feet
2.47 Acres
Debt to income Ratio
Key Points to Know:
The percentage of a consumer’s monthly gross income that goes towards paying debts.
Formula: Recurring monthly debt / Gross Monthly Income
The Municipal engineer performs the following basic functions:
– Estimate the costs of paving ,sewers and sidewalks, and other public works projects.
– Supervise streets and other public works activities
– Issue permits to private contractors for street openings and curb and gutter construction.
– Assume responsibility for sewage, water supply, distribution systems.
The NYS Department of Health performs the following basic functions:
– Drinking water safety, including standards for private and community well construction and well water safety and regulation.
– Septic tank approval.
– Certain wastewater treatment approval.
Oversees and upholds the quality and aesthetics of a neighborhood, town, or city.
– approves new construction and remodeling following local zoning ordinance laws.
– promotes the orderly and harmonious development of the municipality.
– protects a municipality’s cultural heritage.
Architectural review board
within historic districts for compliance with standards established for new development or alteration or improvement of historic buildings and landmarks
– recommend to the municipality the adoption of ordinances preserving historic districts, landmarks, and historic sites.
– review and approve application for construction, alteration, demolition, and relocation of a historical property.
– recognize sub-districts within a preservation district. Allows the commission to adopt guidelines regulating properties in the sub-district.
Historic Preservation / Landmark Commissions
local elected or appointed government board charged with recommending to the local town or city council the boundaries of the various zoning districts and appropriate regulations to be enforced therein.
– prepare and amend a master plan for the community.
– implement the master plan through site plan and subdivision ordinances and recommendations to other agencies.
– make investigations, maps and reports, and recommendations that relate to the planning and development of the municipality.
– recommend amendments to the zoning ordinance or map.
PLANNING BOARD
Umbrella Policy
Insurance policy that covers amounts above those covered under one or more other primary policies, and which does not pay until the losses exceed a certain sum. Also called excess insurance.
What covers fully for personal property lost in a fire
Replacement cost