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state boards > state boards haircutting vocab > Flashcards

state boards haircutting vocab Flashcards

1
Q

45 degree haircut

A

medium elevation haircut also known as wedge or graduated

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2
Q

90 uniform layered haircut

A

elevation haircut at 90 degrees that provides movement

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3
Q

180 long layered haircut

A

haircut with increased long layers

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4
Q

allergy

A

immune response or reaction to substances that are usually not harmful

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5
Q

alopecia

A

abnormal hair loss

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6
Q

alopecia areata

A

patchy loss of hair occurring on the scalp or other parts of the body

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7
Q

alopecia total is

A

severe case of alopecia where balding occurs over the entire head

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8
Q

alopecia universalis

A

severe case of alopecia where balding occurs over entire body

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9
Q

amphoteric

A

surfactants that are very mild and compatible with all other surfactants

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10
Q

anagen

A

period of active hair growth

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11
Q

androgenic alopecia

A

male or female pattern baldness

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12
Q

anionic

A

shampoo with detergent base that is inexpensive but has deep cleansing abilities

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13
Q

antiseptic

A

prevents and reduces infection by eliminating or decreasing the growth of microorganisms it can be safely applied to the skin

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14
Q

apex

A

highest point of the head

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15
Q

arrector pili muscle

A

small involuntary muscle located along the side of the hair follicle that is responsible for goose bumps

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16
Q

bacilli

A

rod shaped spore-producing bacteria

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17
Q

bacteria

A

one cell microorganisms

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18
Q

balance

A

equal in proportion

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19
Q

beveling

A

technique that creates curved lines in a haircut by cutting ends with slight increase or decrease in length

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20
Q

bloodborne pathogens

A

infectious pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood or bodily fluids and can cause disease in humans. these pathogens include but are not limited to HBV and HIV

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21
Q

carbuncle

A

localized infection caused by staphlyococci bacteria similar to a furuncle but larger

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22
Q

carving

A

cutting technique where the still blade is placed into the hair and shears partially opened and closed while moving through the hair

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23
Q

catagen

A

period of break down and change of hair growth

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24
Q

cationic

A

removes dirt from the hair shaft and provides softness and moisture

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25
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

consists of seven vertebrae bones that make up the portion of the spiral column located in the neck

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26
Q

chunking

A

texturizing technique that removes larger sections of hair, creates movement in a perimeter design line by breaking up the weighted line

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27
Q

coarse texture

A

hair has large diameter or width and feels thick

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28
Q

cocci

A

circular shaped bacteria that produce pus and can cause strep throat and blood poisoning

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29
Q

combination haircuts

A

haircuts using two or more degrees

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30
Q

contagious/ communicable

A

means that infections diseases can be transferred from one person to another by contact

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31
Q

contamination

A

presence of unclean materials or tools left on a surface

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32
Q

cowlick

A

tuft of hair that stands up with strong directional growth pattern

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33
Q

cranium

A

covers the top and sides of the head and consists of 6 bones

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34
Q

cross checking

A

parting hair in opposite direction from which it was cut or colored

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35
Q

crown

A

the upper back of the head

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36
Q

cuticle (hair)

A

the tough outer protective covering of the hair

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37
Q

decontamination

A

removal of any infections materials on tools or surfaces by following all sanitation and disinfection guidelines

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38
Q

decontamination method 1(Disinfecting)

A

clean tools with warm soapy water, remove visible debris, submerge tools in an EPA registered disinfectant

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39
Q

decontamination method 2(sterilization)

A

clean tools w warm soapy water, remove visible debris then place all tools in high pressure steam unit

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40
Q

deionized water

A

aka purified water is water that has had the metal ions and impurities removed through ion exchange process

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41
Q

density

A

number of hair strands per square inch on the scalp

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42
Q

dermal papillae

A

small cone-shaped elevation at the base of the hair follicle filled with blood vessels

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43
Q

diameter

A

the thickness of a hair strand

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44
Q

diplococci

A

spherical shaped bacteria that grow in pairs and cause pneumonia

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45
Q

disconnected lines

A

not connected independent lines that normally do not blend having a defined break in the design

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46
Q

disease

A

bacterial invasion of the body that disrupts a normal function of health

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47
Q

disorder

A

any abnormality of bodily function

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48
Q

edging

A

aka outlining or etching is the technique of cutting around the hairline to create a clean line or a design within a haircut

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49
Q

elevation

A

aka as degree or projection degree or angle by which the hair is lifted and combed in relation to the head

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50
Q

epicranial aponeurosis

A

tendon that connects the occipital and the frontalis

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51
Q

epicranium

A

the complete scalp, the muscles, skin, and aponeurosis covering the skull

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52
Q

epicranius

A

aka occipito frontalis the broad muscle formed by the joining of the frontalis and occipitalis

53
Q

ergonomics

A

applied science concerned with designing and arranging things that people use so both people and things interact most efficiently and safely

54
Q

exposure incident

A

when you come in contact with broken skin, body fluids, blood or any other potentially infectious items while at work

55
Q

exterior

A

the outer or external part

56
Q

fallen hair

A

hair that is naturally shed or gathered from brush and comb

57
Q

filtration

A

separating water from its mineral substances therefore producing less contaminated water

58
Q

fine texture

A

hair has a small diameter that feels thin

59
Q

fragility’s crinium

A

also known as brittle hair when the hair is susceptible to breakage

60
Q

frontal bone

A

forms the forehead starts at the top of the eyes extending to the beginning curve of the head

61
Q

frontalis

A

the muscle that encompasses the forehead and extends into the beginning curve of the scalp

62
Q

fungi

A

members of a large group of organisms that include microorganisms such as yeast, molds and mildews

63
Q

furuncle

A

boil or abscess of the skin located in the hair follicle

64
Q

growth pattern

A

direction the hair grows from the scalp

65
Q

hair bulb

A

rounded, club shaped part of hair located at the end of the hair root

66
Q

hair follicle

A

tube like pocket in the skin that contains the hair root from which the hair will grow

67
Q

hair stream

A

hair growing in the same direction creates a natural part

68
Q

hard water

A

remains unaltered and contains an amount of dissolved minerals such as calcium and magnesium

69
Q

humectant

A

substances added to conditioners to help the hair retain moisture

70
Q

hydrophilic

A

easily absorbs moisture and capable of combining with or attracting water

71
Q

immunity

A

body ability to fight of infection

72
Q

interior guideline

A

guide that is inside the haircut

73
Q

keratin

A

protein building block for hair skin and nails

74
Q

keratinization

A

process of converting living skin cells into hard proteins

75
Q

lanugo hair

A

known as belly’s hair, is soft white and downy hair found on the body usually lacking medulla

76
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

large flat muscle covering the lower back, helps to extend the arm from the body and rotate the shoulder

77
Q

lipophilic

A

oil living having an attraction to fat and oils

78
Q

malassezia

A

naturally occurring fungus

79
Q

mildew

A

usually a white substance that grows on the surface of things in wet warm conditions but does not cause human infections on the skin

80
Q

monilethrix

A

condition causing beaded hair. hair is weak before each node and easily broken

81
Q

motility

A

self movement

82
Q

nape

A

section of the head from the occipital bone to the hairline

83
Q

natural distribution

A

direction hair moves or falls on the head

84
Q

non pathogenic

A

bacteria that are not harmful

85
Q

nonporous

A

when an item is made or constructed of materials that are not penetrated by water air or other fluids

86
Q

notch cutting

A

texturizing technique similar to point cutting but cutting is done toward the ends rather than into them

87
Q

occipital bone

A

bone that covers the back of the head and sits directly above the nape

88
Q

occipitalis

A

muscle located in the nape of the neck that draws the scalp back

89
Q

parasitic disease

A

disease caused by parasites such as lice and itch mites

90
Q

parietal bone

A

two bones one on each side of the head that form the entire crown and top sides

91
Q

parietal ridge

A

largest curve of the head it separates the interior of the head from the exterior of the head

92
Q

pathogenic

A

bacteria that are harmful and cause disease

93
Q

pediculosis capitis

A

condition caused by the infestation of the hair and scalp caused by lice

94
Q

pityriasis

A

dandruff

95
Q

pityriasis steatoides

A

is a severe case of dandruff excessive amounts of waxy or greasy scales that accumulate on the scalp in crusts

96
Q

platysma

A

muscle that extends from the top of the chin to the shoulder and lowers the jaw and lip

97
Q

point cutting

A

texturizing technique using tips of the shears to cut into the ends of the hair to create multiple lengths that will blend within the hair ends

98
Q

scabies

A

a condition caused by a microscopic mite known as a itch mite

99
Q

sebaceous glands

A

glands that produce sebum an oily substance that lubricates the skin and scalp

100
Q

shifted distribution

A

also known as over directed

101
Q

slithering

A

also known as slicing is a texturizing technique using a sliding movement down the hair shaft to remove bulk and add mobility or for blending and face framing

102
Q

soft water

A

where mineral content is dissolved and removed rain water is considered soft water

103
Q

sphenoid

A

wedge shaped bone that joins all the bones of the cranium

104
Q

spirilla

A

spiral shaped or curved bacteria

105
Q

standard precautions

A

set of guidelines published by the centers for disease control (CDC) that requires an employer to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious

106
Q

staphylococci

A

bacterial cells which form in clusters causing abscesses pustules and boils

107
Q

stationary guideline

A

guideline that does not move

108
Q

sternoledomastoideus

A

long muscle that stretches from the back of the ear along the side of the neck to the collar bone

109
Q

streptococci

A

bacterial cells that grow in curved lines shaping into chains and may cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. cause infections such as blood poisoning and strep throat

110
Q

surfactant

A

surface active agent or wetting agent that has the ability to dissolve in water and remove dirt from surfaces such as hair. the ingredient in shampoo that causes it to lather

111
Q

tapering

A

also known as fading is a cutting technique that blends hair from a shorter length at the perimeter to a longer length as it moves up the head

112
Q

telogen

A

resting phase of hair growth

113
Q

telogen effluvium

A

premature or sudden hair loss

114
Q

temporal bone

A

two bones are on each side of the head that forms the lowers side of the head

115
Q

temporalis

A

the temple muscle located above and in front of the ear that helps in opening and closing the mouth as in chewing

116
Q

terminal hair

A

pigmented hair on the body

117
Q

texture

A

the diameter or width of individual hair strands within the overall hair structure, textures described as fine, medium, and coarse

118
Q

texturizing

A

techniques that help to blend lines or remove excess bulk without changing the shape of the haircut

119
Q

tinea barbae

A

superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin

120
Q

tinea capitis

A

fungal infection of the skin and scalp characterized by red papules or spots at the opening of the hair follicle

121
Q

tinea favosa

A

known as honeycomb ringworm, fungal infection of the scalp characterized by a pink scalp with thick whitish yellow crusts known as scutula which tend to have slight odor

122
Q

traction alopecia

A

hair loss through repetitive and excessive pulling or stretching of the hair

123
Q

trapezius

A

flat triangular muscles that run from the upper back to the back of the neck

124
Q

trichology

A

study of hair and it’s diseases and disorders

125
Q

trichoptilosis

A

also known as split ends

126
Q

trichorrehexis nodosa

A

also known as knotted hair

127
Q

weight line

A

concentration of hair within an area that gives the appearance of heaviness and density

128
Q

whorl

A

circular growth pattern, use special considerations when cutting

state boards (4 decks)

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