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SOCS 10 > Starting Points In Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics > Flashcards

Starting Points In Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics Flashcards

1
Q

people - common interest

A

Society

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2
Q

heirarchy - level

A

Society

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3
Q

government - institution

A

Society

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4
Q

interaction

A

Society

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5
Q

community - place

A

Society

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6
Q

a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them

A

Sociology

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7
Q

it does this by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies such as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, or age groups

A

Sociology

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8
Q

deals with the study of human beings in their social cultural, and biological context

A

Anthropology

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9
Q

examines how humans interact with each other and with their environment, and they study the evolution of human societies, cultures, and behaviors over time

A

Anthropolgists

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10
Q

is the systematic study of government and politics

A

Political Science

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11
Q

it examines the theory and practice of politics, focusing on the allocation and transfer of power in decision-making, the roles and systems of governance, political behavior, and public policies

A

Political Science

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12
Q

focus on understanding human society and behavior through scientific methods

A

Social Science

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13
Q

study of human society, its structure, and social relationships

A

Sociology

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14
Q

study of human cultures, societies, and their development

A

Anthropology

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15
Q

study of the human mind and behavior

A

Psychology

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16
Q

study of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services

A

Economics

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17
Q

study of government, politics, and political behavior

A

Political Science

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18
Q

study of the earth’s surface, its features, and human interaction with it

A

Geography

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19
Q

study of past events, often using scientific methods (though it can also be considered a humanities discipline)

A

History

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20
Q

focus on understanding the human condition through critical analysis and interpretation

A

Humanities

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21
Q

study of written works and their meaning

A

Literature

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22
Q

study of past events, often focusing on interpretation and meaning

A

History

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23
Q

study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, and reason

A

Philosophy

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24
Q

study of beliefs, practices, and institutions related to the supernatural

A

Religion

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25
Q

study of human languages, their structure, and evolution

A

Languages

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26
Q

study of the history and development of visual arts

A

Art History

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27
Q

study of music, its history, and its theory

A

Music

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28
Q

is the scientific study of human society, its structure, and social relationships. It examines how individuals, groups, and institutions interact and influence each other

A

Sociology

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29
Q

how society is organized, including social classes, institutions (family, education, religion, government), and social roles

A

Social Structure

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30
Q

how people interact with each other, including communication, relationships, and group dynamics

A

Social Interaction

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31
Q

how societies evolve, including factors like technology, culture, and social movements

A

Social Change

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32
Q

issues affecting society, such as poverty, inequality, crime, and environmental problems

A

Social Problems

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33
Q

special POVs of Sociology

A

Sociological Perspective

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34
Q

Sociological Perspective providing key concepts such as:

A
  • Social Location
  • Marginalization
  • Power and Inequality
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35
Q

the ability to look at a specific situation or individual and recognize the broader patterns or trends that it reflects

A

seeing the general in the particular

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36
Q

Example: you notice a person begging for money on the street. Seeing the general in particular here involves recognizing this individual experience as part of a larger issue of poverty and social inequality

A

seeing the general in the particular

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37
Q

by ______, sociologists can gain a deeper understanding of how social structures and forces shape individual lives

A

seeing the general in the particular

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38
Q

it allows them to move beyond personal anecdotes and isolated incidents to identify broader patterns at play in society

A

seeing the general in the particular

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39
Q

the ability to question and examine the everyday aspects of our lives as if we’re encountering them for the first time or from an outsider’s perspective

A

seeing the strange in the familiar

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40
Q

Example: we might not question the daily commute to work, but seeing the strange in the familiar could involve recognizing the large amount of time and resources dedicated to this activity in modern society

A

seeing the strange in the familiar

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41
Q

by __________, sociologist can challenge assumptions and gain a deeper appreciation for the social construction of our everyday lives

A

seeing the strange in the familiar

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42
Q

it encourages us to be more critical thinkers and question the norms and routines we take for granted

A

seeing the strange in the familiar

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43
Q

the ability to see the connection between personal experiences and larger social forces

A

Sociological Imagination

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44
Q

a way of thinking that helps us understand our lives in terms of individual choices and circumstances and the context of history, social structures, and cultural norms

A

Sociological Imagination

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45
Q

Sociological Imagination providing key concept such as:

A
  • piecing together the micro and macro
  • questioning the obvious
  • seeing the possibilities to social change
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46
Q

the special point of view of sociology that sees general patterns of society in the lives of particular people

A

Sociological Perspective by (Peter Berger, 1963)

47
Q

quality of mind require for us to understand ourselves in relation to our society

A

Sociological Imagination by (C Wright Mills, 1959)

48
Q

SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

A
  • Functionalism
  • Conflict Theory
  • Symbolic Interactionism
49
Q

sees society as a system of interconnected parts working together for stability

A

Functionalism

50
Q

focuses on inequality and power struggles within society

A

Conflict Theory

51
Q

emphasizes the role of symbols and meaning in social interactions

A

Symbolic Interactionism

52
Q

is the comprehensive study of humans, exploring their biological and cultural aspects across time and space. It delves into the complexities of human society, culture, language, and biology to understand what makes us human

A

Anthropology

53
Q

focuses on the diverse cultures of human societies, their beliefs, customs, social structures, and how they adapt to different environments

A

Cultural Anthropology

54
Q

investigates past human societies through the analysis of materials remains, such as artifacts, tools, and settlements

A

Archaeology

55
Q

explores the development, structure, and use of language in human societies, examining how language shapes culture and thought

A

Linguistic Anthropology

56
Q

studies the biological and evolutionary aspects of humans, including human origins, genetics, and primate behavior

A

Physical of Biological Anthropology

57
Q

Etymologically, ______ is derived from the latin word cultura or cultus with means care or cultivation

58
Q

means care or cultivation

A

cultura or cultus

59
Q

the complex whole which include knowledge, belief, art, laws, morals, customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as member of society

A

Culture by (Edward B. Tylor)

60
Q

collective behavior of men

61
Q

acquired set of customs, traditions and mindset

62
Q

transmitted across generations within societies

63
Q

refers to the shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group or society

64
Q

it includes everything rom language, religion, music, food, clothing, art, and architecture to social norms, rituals, and traditions.

65
Q

shapes the way people view the world and interact with each other, and it is transmitted from one generation to the next through socialization and education

66
Q

is a dynamic and complex concept that varies widely across different societies and is constantly evolving over time

67
Q

is the complex web of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that characterize a group of people. It’s the lens through which we perceive the world, shaping our thoughts, actions, and interactions

68
Q

detailed descriptions of cultures based on fieldwork and participant observation

A

Ethnography

69
Q

comparative study of different cultures to identify patterns and similarities

70
Q

considering all aspects of human life, from biology to culture, to understand the whole picture

A

Holistic Perspective

71
Q

came from the greek word “politika” - affairs of the cities

72
Q

affairs of the cities

73
Q

is the activity through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live (Andrew Heywood)

74
Q

is a political entity that has its own government and is occupying its own territory

75
Q

has its own name and symbols to help differentiate them from other countries

76
Q

all countries have their own _____

A

National Identities

77
Q

is the sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language

A

National Identity

78
Q

is freedom from external control or influence

A

Sovereignty

79
Q

is the supreme authority within a territory

A

Sovereignty

80
Q

politics and governance are by products of sovereignty

A

Sovereignty

81
Q

without sovereignty, the two cannot exits

82
Q

DEFENDING THE SOVEREIGNTY

A

the concept of defending sovereignty could mean going to war with other countries or external forces that are out to destroy the country and take over themselves

83
Q

refers to human behavior with regard to matters related to government activities such as the formulation and execution of policies, creation of laws, selection of government officials; and negotiations with foreign governments and other entities or organizations

84
Q

protection of territorial boundaries; preservation of cultural heritage and tradition; and upholding the public interest and welfare

85
Q

is the systematic study of government and politics. It examines the theory and practice of politics, focusing on the allocation and transfer of power in decision-making, the roles and systems of governance, political behavior, and public policies

A

Political Science

86
Q

KEY AREAS OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

A
  • Comparative Politics
  • International Relations
  • Political Theory
  • Public Administration
87
Q

examines different political systems and how they operate

A

Comparative Politics

88
Q

focuses on the interactions between countries, including diplomacy, war, and international organizations

A

International Relations

89
Q

explores the foundations of political thought and the nature of politics

A

Political Theory

90
Q

examines the implementation of public policies

A

Public Administration

91
Q

CORE CONCEPTS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE

A
  • Power
  • Authority
  • Legitimacy
  • Sovereignty
  • Democracy
92
Q

the ability to influence or control the behavior of others

93
Q

legitimate power recognized by those it is exercised over

94
Q

the belief that a government has the right to rule

A

Legitimacy

95
Q

the supreme power of a state to govern itself

A

Sovereignty

96
Q

a system of government where power is vested in the people

97
Q

are sets of beliefs, values, and principles about how society should be governed and organized. They offer a vision for the future and guide political action

A

Political Ideologies

98
Q

emphasized individual rights, limited governments, and free markets

A

Liberalism

99
Q

prioritizes tradition, social stability, and limited government intervention

A

Conservatism

100
Q

advocates for economic and social equality through collective ownership and control of resources

101
Q

a radical form of socialism seeking to abolish private property and create a classless society

102
Q

a far-right authoritarian ultranationalist ideology characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the economy

103
Q

is a set of ideas, beliefs, values and opinions, exhibiting a recurring pattern, that competes deliberately as well as unintentionally over providing plans of actions for public policy making in an attempt to justify, explain, contest, or change the social and political arrangements and processes of a political community

A

Political Ideology by (M. Freeden, 2001)

104
Q

the word ideology came about during the French Revolution and was coined by ___________. It is the science of ideas

A

Antoine Tarcy

105
Q

political ideologies are a system of beliefs about politics

106
Q

the role of political ideologies is to establish a set of ideas that can be used to provide the foundation of political organization

107
Q

3 FEATURES OF ALL POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

A
  1. a realistic interpretation of society as it is currently
  2. an idealized interpretation of society. Essentially a picture of what society should be like
  3. an action plan on how to create a society that reflects the needs and wants of all its citizens. Essentially, a plan on how to get from number one to number two
108
Q

emphasizes individual freedom civil rights, and democracy. It supports free markets and limited government intervention in the economy

A

Liberalism

109
Q

emphasizes tradition, social order, and the importance of maintaining the status quo. It generally supports a smaller government, with a focus on economic and personal freedom

A

Conservatism

110
Q

advocates for the collective ownership and control of production, distribution of goods and services. It emphasizes workers’ rights and social equality, and aims to eliminate poverty and unemployment

111
Q

Emphasizes nationalism, authoritarianism, and the idea that the state should have a strong role in society and the economy, often with a disregard for civil rights

112
Q

based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and emphasizes class struggle, historical materialism, and the need for a socialist or communist revolution to achieve a classless society

113
Q

advocated for the abolition of the government and the state, and the creation of a society based on voluntary cooperation and mutual aid

SOCS 10 (4 decks)

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