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stars and astrology Flashcards

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0
Q

hr measured by

A

x =temp

y= lumosity

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1
Q

hr diagram

A

hertz Russell

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2
Q

green band on hr

A

main sequence
90% of stars life
found top left to lower right

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3
Q

dust cloud or nebula

A

the start of star=beginning of life

mostly hydrogen and 7% helium

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4
Q

a kid -star stage

A

protostar
around a million years after nebula
gravity and temp increase the start of the fusing

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5
Q

true star “teen- young adult”

A

core reaches 15mill degrees Celciu
“start of fusion”
-hydrogen turns to helium

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6
Q

adult - main part of stars life

A

main sequence
90% of life
outward heat pressure balanced by gravity
fuse can last for mills or bills

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7
Q

hotter stars are

cooler stars are

A

hotter blue -short wave lengths

cooler red orange- longer wave lengths like our sun

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8
Q

bigger stars
shorter stars
why?

A

bigger - shorter stars (millons of yrs)

smaller - longer lives (billions of yrs”

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9
Q

the forming of a red giant - explain process

A

once star runs out of elements to fuse to the core begins to contract and gravity loosens-
so outer later expands to 1000x bigger than main sequence

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10
Q

stable red giant

A

once stable outer layer gives off cooler longer wave lengths (red)

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11
Q

other elements in

A

fuses other elements up to iron

becuase if helium core gets hot enough the nuclei will form new elements

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12
Q

life after red giant

A

after iron no fuse
used up fuel
shrinks to white dwarf-dense n glows

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13
Q

massive stars (blue)

A

5-20x mass of sun

very bright cause it’s big

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14
Q

red super giant

A

massive star gets bigger

will end in super nova

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15
Q

life after a super nova (massive red super giant explosion)

A

neutron star - super small super dense and spins extremely fast
or black hole

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16
Q

geocentric model

A

model where sun revolves around earth

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17
Q

heliocentric

A

earth around sun

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18
Q

asterism

A

stars part of a bigger constellations

19
Q

right ascension

A

⬅️➡️ longitude

20
Q

declination

A

⬆️⬇️latitude

21
Q

why do we only certain stars on certain seasons

A

we only see stars opposite of the sun because of how bright the sun is
when earth isn’t faced towards the sun it’s dark(night) and when it is the sun blocks out the sky(day)

22
Q

which star will be our next North Star

why

A

vega will be new North Star

because the tilt of the earth is determined by a wobble

23
Q

what’s the name of this wobble

A

precision -the wobble of the axis that cause this In the night sky to change Position to us
takes 26,000yrs

24
Q

1 degree equals

A

“1 hour” 60secs

25
Q

1’ equals

A

60seconds

26
Q

1” equals

A

1second -3600” seconds in 1 degree(hour)

27
Q

sun low point

sun hight point

A

low - winter

high - summer

28
Q

planets follow a what path?

why

A

ecliptic path

becuase they are all on the same plain revolving around the sun

29
Q

eccentricity explain it

A

how ecliptic all the orbit of a planet is
0 = circle
1 = almost a line
as time goes on the eccentricity of a planet will be greater

30
Q

precession

A

the wobbling motion of a planet and changes the tilt of axis
and chances seasons
every 26,000 years

31
Q

keplers 1st law

A

all planets orbit the sun in a path that resembles a ellipse
sun located at center

32
Q

keplers 2nd law

A

2 imaginary lines drawn from center of sub to planet - think of sweeping model
EQUAL ARES IN EQUAL TIMES

33
Q

3rd kepler law

A

ratio of the squared periods of any 2 planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distance to the sun

34
Q

p2= a3

A

3rd law
p = years
a= au

35
Q

parallax

A

a way to find distance from star
if the object is closer the angle is larger
if object is further the angle gets smalle

36
Q

magnitude

A

brightness of star on a scale were
neg = bright (-26 is sun)
positive = dim (7)

37
Q

apparent magnitude

A

the brightness how it appears

38
Q

absolute magnitude

A

putting stars side by side at 3.62LY away to compare against each other

39
Q

Milky Way

A

spiral galaxy

3millon LY across in diameter

40
Q

andromeda galaxy

A

also spiral
closest LARGE galaxy
2.5 millon ly away

41
Q

Magellanic Cloud

A

closet galaxy to ours
a irregular galaxy
200,000 LY across smaller then ours

42
Q

spirals

A

most galaxies are spirals
older stars in center
younger within spiraling arms

43
Q

elliptical

A

takes a spherical shape like a globe
far less gas and dust then spirals
few new stars form in these

44
Q

irregular

A

No simple shape
lots of dust and gas
young stars

45
Q 
km = to miles
miles = to km
A
  1. 61miles

0. 621 km

46
Q

1 mile = feet

A

5280ft

science (2 decks)

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