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explaing for test Flashcards

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0
Q

Why can’t cold air hold as much water as warm air can?

A

because cold air is more dense thus not being able to as much water as warm air can because it is less dense

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1
Q

how is heat transferred? and what is heat?

A

heat is either added or taken from something. temperature is measure of heat. and kinetic energy is always moving.

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2
Q

what is relative humidity?

A

how much it can hold

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3
Q

dew point and boiling point

A

dew point: when water vapor comes out the air and condenses

boiling point: liquid turns to gas. water at 212’F

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4
Q

explain the PHASE CHANGE CHART

A

when adding energy(heat) a solid will MELT into a liquid then EVAPORATE into a gas
when taking energy away energy is released and the gas CONDENSES into a liquid, then liquid FREEZES to a solid

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5
Q

what important happens during all phase changes

A

density will change

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6
Q

describe vapor and condensation

A

you can’t see water vapor

but what you do see when boiling water is the water vapor touching colder air and condensing so you can see it

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7
Q

how does sweat cool your body?

A

sweat cools you off when it takes heat away from your body to heat up the molecules and evaporate

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8
Q

explain what vapor pressure is and how it can prevent you from cooling off with sweat

A

it’s the amount of water in the air pushing against you

and when there’s a lot of vapor pressure above ur sweat molecules then the sweat can’t escape(evaporate)

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9
Q

why are there pauses in the phase change graph?

A

because Energy(heat) is no longer used to raise the the temp but instead to break the attractions connecting the molecules

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10
Q

why can you boil water at a lower temperature on top of a mountain then at sealevel

A

because the less pressure on the mountain means less weight on top of the water which makes for easy vaporization

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11
Q

what is ambient temp and how can it be affected by a plant

A

the temperature of the environment could be affected because the plant release water vapor an in order for that to happen the water must take heat from the room

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12
Q

atmospheric pressure sea level

A

14.7lbs/in2 is the weight of air on top of you

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13
Q

air pressure is measured by

humidity is measured by

A

barometer

hydrometer

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14
Q

3 factors of weather

A

tempature
humidity
air pressure

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15
Q

boiling is from

evaporating is from

A 
boiling= heat source
evaporating= surface
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16
Q

when pressure goes up ⬆️

when pressure goes down⬇️

A

heat goes up

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17
Q

clouds are formed by

A

by cooling of moist air(water vapor) rising up in the atmosphere and then condensing due to the low temperatures caused by the low pressures found higher in the atmosphere

18
Q

what happens when air is sinking

A

sinking air is exposed to greater air pressures when lower in the atmosphere or ground and warms the air until it evaporates (like when pressin on the bottle to make the cloud go away)

19
Q

components in a cloud

A

water vapor
condensation nuclei (dust)
low pressure
lower temps

20
Q

explain oragraphic lifting

A

when humid air moves up a moutain and is exposed to lower pressures at higher altitudes, lower pressure means colder which allows water vapor in humid air to condense, Turing into a cloud then sometimes further condensing into rain

21
Q

explain the leeward side of a moutain

A

the air later moves over to the other side of the moutain and sinks downward, then exposed to higher pressure levels and more heat, this evaporating the remaining water in the air and leavin that side dry

22
Q

adiabatic cooling

A

cooling due to the expansion of air

23
Q

WEATHER
hi pressure
low pressure

A

hi=good weather little rain

low= bad weather lots of rain

24
Q

Coriolis affect

A

the apparent deflection of winds due to the rotation of the earth
in North hemisphere clockwise
Southern hemisphere :counter clockwise

25
Q

low pressure with hands

A

hand flats moves up:rises
hand moves :counterclockwise
hand moves towards center

26
Q

hi pressure hand

A

hand is standing up:flattens(sinks)
hand is moving: clockwise
hand is moving away :outward

27
Q

low pressure

hi pressure

A

low cyclone

high anticyclone

28
Q

winds are classified by where it is coming from such as

A

nw or ne

sw or se

29
Q

what’s on the station module

A

the circle is either filled or not which tells the clouds in the sky
the antenna points out at which direction the wind is coming from

30
Q

warm front is what symbol

cold front is what symbol

A

warm is red half circs

cold is blue triangles

31
Q

why are south and North Pole so dry

A

biggest deserts due to hi pressure zones

32
Q

define a air mass

A

large wind bodies that picks up characteristics of land it is over such as temp & humidity

33
Q

stationary front

A

cold air and warm air meet but don’t move

34
Q

define a warm front

A

HIGH PRESSURE - transition zone where a warm air mass replaces a cold air mass, not a lot of rain

moves southwest to northwest(clockwise)

35
Q

define a cold front

A

a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass - heavy rains

moves northwest to south east (counter clockwise)

36
Q

COLD FRONTS type of could

A

acumolisit clouds

37
Q

WARM FRONTS CLOUDS

A

stratus clouds

38
Q

explain how u read ISO bars

A

bars to read pressure on a weather map- and wind speeds
the closer the isobars the more wind -more pressure
further apart less wind less pressure

39
Q

what is it called when isobars are close

A

steep pressure gradient:lots of wind

40
Q

maritime

continental

A

maritime:ocean air masses
continental: land air masses
polars
tropics

41
Q

what is latent heat

A

heat associated with a phase change

42
Q

in a cold front why does the the warm humid air cloud rise up in the cold air

A

because as the humid air moves up, it condenses from a gas back to a liquid and then heat is taken away and relased. in this phase change the humid air becomes less dense then the cold air so it rises

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