explaing for test Flashcards
Why can’t cold air hold as much water as warm air can?
because cold air is more dense thus not being able to as much water as warm air can because it is less dense
how is heat transferred? and what is heat?
heat is either added or taken from something. temperature is measure of heat. and kinetic energy is always moving.
what is relative humidity?
how much it can hold
dew point and boiling point
dew point: when water vapor comes out the air and condenses
boiling point: liquid turns to gas. water at 212’F
explain the PHASE CHANGE CHART
when adding energy(heat) a solid will MELT into a liquid then EVAPORATE into a gas
when taking energy away energy is released and the gas CONDENSES into a liquid, then liquid FREEZES to a solid
what important happens during all phase changes
density will change
describe vapor and condensation
you can’t see water vapor
but what you do see when boiling water is the water vapor touching colder air and condensing so you can see it
how does sweat cool your body?
sweat cools you off when it takes heat away from your body to heat up the molecules and evaporate
explain what vapor pressure is and how it can prevent you from cooling off with sweat
it’s the amount of water in the air pushing against you
and when there’s a lot of vapor pressure above ur sweat molecules then the sweat can’t escape(evaporate)
why are there pauses in the phase change graph?
because Energy(heat) is no longer used to raise the the temp but instead to break the attractions connecting the molecules
why can you boil water at a lower temperature on top of a mountain then at sealevel
because the less pressure on the mountain means less weight on top of the water which makes for easy vaporization
what is ambient temp and how can it be affected by a plant
the temperature of the environment could be affected because the plant release water vapor an in order for that to happen the water must take heat from the room
atmospheric pressure sea level
14.7lbs/in2 is the weight of air on top of you
air pressure is measured by
humidity is measured by
barometer
hydrometer
3 factors of weather
tempature
humidity
air pressure
boiling is from
evaporating is from
boiling= heat source evaporating= surface
when pressure goes up ⬆️
when pressure goes down⬇️
heat goes up
clouds are formed by
by cooling of moist air(water vapor) rising up in the atmosphere and then condensing due to the low temperatures caused by the low pressures found higher in the atmosphere
what happens when air is sinking
sinking air is exposed to greater air pressures when lower in the atmosphere or ground and warms the air until it evaporates (like when pressin on the bottle to make the cloud go away)
components in a cloud
water vapor
condensation nuclei (dust)
low pressure
lower temps
explain oragraphic lifting
when humid air moves up a moutain and is exposed to lower pressures at higher altitudes, lower pressure means colder which allows water vapor in humid air to condense, Turing into a cloud then sometimes further condensing into rain
explain the leeward side of a moutain
the air later moves over to the other side of the moutain and sinks downward, then exposed to higher pressure levels and more heat, this evaporating the remaining water in the air and leavin that side dry
adiabatic cooling
cooling due to the expansion of air
WEATHER
hi pressure
low pressure
hi=good weather little rain
low= bad weather lots of rain
Coriolis affect
the apparent deflection of winds due to the rotation of the earth
in North hemisphere clockwise
Southern hemisphere :counter clockwise
low pressure with hands
hand flats moves up:rises
hand moves :counterclockwise
hand moves towards center
hi pressure hand
hand is standing up:flattens(sinks)
hand is moving: clockwise
hand is moving away :outward
low pressure
hi pressure
low cyclone
high anticyclone
winds are classified by where it is coming from such as
nw or ne
sw or se
what’s on the station module
the circle is either filled or not which tells the clouds in the sky
the antenna points out at which direction the wind is coming from
warm front is what symbol
cold front is what symbol
warm is red half circs
cold is blue triangles
why are south and North Pole so dry
biggest deserts due to hi pressure zones
define a air mass
large wind bodies that picks up characteristics of land it is over such as temp & humidity
stationary front
cold air and warm air meet but don’t move
define a warm front
HIGH PRESSURE - transition zone where a warm air mass replaces a cold air mass, not a lot of rain
moves southwest to northwest(clockwise)
define a cold front
a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass - heavy rains
moves northwest to south east (counter clockwise)
COLD FRONTS type of could
acumolisit clouds
WARM FRONTS CLOUDS
stratus clouds
explain how u read ISO bars
bars to read pressure on a weather map- and wind speeds
the closer the isobars the more wind -more pressure
further apart less wind less pressure
what is it called when isobars are close
steep pressure gradient:lots of wind
maritime
continental
maritime:ocean air masses
continental: land air masses
polars
tropics
what is latent heat
heat associated with a phase change
in a cold front why does the the warm humid air cloud rise up in the cold air
because as the humid air moves up, it condenses from a gas back to a liquid and then heat is taken away and relased. in this phase change the humid air becomes less dense then the cold air so it rises
