Staph Flashcards
G.M Dack and coworkers ______________ fluids from cultures of “a yellow hemolytics staph” isolated from contaminated cake
voluntarily consumed
What consists of a group of small, spherical cells?
Staph
Is staph gram-positive or gram-negative?
Positive
Several species of Staph includes coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive _________.
isolates
What two disease occur?
Toxic shock syndrome and staphylococcal food poisoning
What caused staphylococcal food poisoning?
ingesting preformed toxins present in food
What is the main contagion responsible for staphylococcal food poisoning?
S. aureus
Staphylococcal toxins are highly heat stable and can survive sterilization by the _____________.
Canning industry
What are the sources of staph?
Humans are the main reservoir
Commonly found in nose and skin
How is staph spread?
By direct physical contact, skin fragments and respiratory droplets
True or False. Most staph food poisoning is traced to food contaminated by humans during preparation.
True
What is a serious problem for the dairy industry?
Mastitis
What conditions are associated with staph?
inadequate refrigeration
Poor hygiene
Inadequate cooking or prolonged warming of food
Prep too far in advance
Staph is highly resistant to temp, low water activity, high_______ and desiccation.
salt
What can survive air, dust and sewage?
Staph
What is the most osmotolerant foodborne pathogen?
Staph
True or False. S. aureus Resistance to Environmental Conditions
True
Staph food poisoning is a _______________ causing vomiting after an unusually short time after eating.
self-limiting
What are common symptoms?
Vomiting, nausea, cramps, diarrhea, headaches, and/or prostration
Staph is highly resistant to proteolytic enzymes such as:
pepsin, trysin, chymotrypsin, rennin, papain
What is osmotolerant?
Can survive low water activity in food
When they grow in food with low water activity, they produce less _____________.
enterotoxin
The staph enterotoxins acts at what level?
Gut level
What is an enzyme highly associated with toxin production?
Coagulase
Who says that neither the coagulase test, the thermostable nuclease test nor the carbohydrate fermentation patter are reliable tools for differentiating toxic from nontoxic strains?
FDA
