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PCM Exam 1 - Spring > Standardized Functional Testing > Flashcards

Standardized Functional Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Berg Balance Test?

A

A 14-item objective measure designed to assess static balance and fall risk in adult populations

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2
Q

How long does the Berg Balance Test take?

A

15-20 minutes

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3
Q

How long does the Berg Balance Test cost?

A

Free

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4
Q

What populations does the Berg Balance Test focus on?

A
  • Brain Injury
  • Community Dwelling Elderly
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Parkinson’s Disease
  • Spinal Cord Injury
  • Stroke
  • Traumatic and Acquired Brain Injury
  • Vestibular Dysfunction
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5
Q

What kind of items does the Berg Balance Test include?

A

Static and dynamic activities of varying difficulty

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6
Q

How do you score a Berg Balance Test?

A
  • Item-level scores range from 0-4, determined by the ability to perform the assessed activity
  • Item scores are then summed
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7
Q

What is the max score for the Berg Balance Test?

A

56

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8
Q

What is the score interpretation of the Berg Balance Test?

A
  • 41-56: low fall risk
  • 21-40: medium fall risk
  • 0-20: high fall risk
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9
Q

What is required to reveal a genuine change in function between two assessments?

A

A change of 8 points

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10
Q

What indicates functional balance in the Berg Balance Scale for the elderly?

A

Score of 56

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11
Q

A score of less than 45 on the Berg Balance Test in the elderly indicates what?

A

Individual may be at greater risk of falling

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12
Q

A history of falls and a BBS of less than or equal to 51 OR no history of falls and a BBS of less than or equal to 42 in the elderly is predictive of what?

A

Falls (91% sensitivity, 82% specificity)

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13
Q

A score of less than or equal to 40 on the BBS in the elderly is associated with what?

A

Almost a 100% fall risk

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14
Q

What is the Tenetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)

A

16 items (balance: 9, gait: 7) to measure gait and balance abilities in older adults

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15
Q

How long does the Tinetti POMA take?

A

6 to 30 minutes… you dont have to retest both sections if the patient doesn’t need to retest one or the other

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16
Q

What does the Tinetti POMA cost?

A

Free

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17
Q

The total Tinetti POMA consists of how many items?

A

16 items: 9 balance (POMA-B) and 7 gait (POMA-G) items

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18
Q

What do the scores of the Tinetti POMA indicate?

A

3-point ordinal scale, ranging from 0-2, where the highest score indicates independence with each test item

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19
Q

What population has the majority of research on the Tinetti POMA been done on?

A

Older adults

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20
Q

What is the scoring for the Tinetti POMA?

A
  • 25-28: Minimum fall risk
  • 19-24: Moderate fall risk
  • 0-18: High fall risk
21
Q

Is there such thing as no fall risk?

A

No

22
Q

What is the Timed Up and Go (TUG)?

A

A dual-task dynamic measure for identifying individuals who are at risk for falls (ex: community-dwelling elderly, vestibular disorders)

23
Q

How long does the TUG take?

A

5 minutes or less

24
Q

How much does the TUG cost?

A

Free

25
Q

What are the instructions for the TUG?

A
  • The patient sits in the chair with his/her back against the chair back.
  • On the command “go,” the patient rises from the chair, walks 3 meters at a comfortable and safe pace, turns, walks back to the chair, and sits down.
  • Timing begins at the instruction “go” and stops when the patient is seated.
  • The patient should have one practice trial that is not included in the score.
  • Patient must use the same assistive device each time he/she is tested to be able to compare scores.
26
Q

What is the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)?

A

Assesses distance walked over 6 minutes as a sub-maximal test of aerobic capacity/ endurance

27
Q

How long does the 6MWT take?

A

6 minutes

28
Q

How much does the 6MWT cost?

A

Free

29
Q

What populations does the 6MWT cater to?

A
  • Alzheimer’s Disease
  • Children
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Geriatrics
  • Heart failure
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Parkinson’s Disease
  • Pulmonary disease
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Spinal cord injury
  • Stroke
30
Q

What is the 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT)?

A

Assess walking speed in meters per second over a short duration

31
Q

How long does the 10MWT take?

A

5 minutes or less

32
Q

How much does the 10MWT cost?

A

Free

33
Q

What populations does the 10MWT test?

A
  • Alzheimer’s Disease
  • Brain Tumor
  • Children with Neuromuscular Diseases
  • Community-Dwelling Older Adults
  • General Neurologic Movement Disorders
  • Hip Fracture
  • Lower Limb Amputation
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
  • Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
  • Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
  • Stroke
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
  • Vestibular Disorders
34
Q

Ambulation ability has been correlated with what?

A

Gait speed

35
Q

Changes in gait speed that result in
a transition to a higher category of ambulation classification resulted in what?

A

Better function and quality of
life

36
Q

Ambulation ability that is
predicted by gait speed is a reliable method of what?

A

Classifying patients

37
Q

Individuals with a gait speed of less than 0.4 m/s were more likely to be what?

A

Household ambulators

38
Q

Individuals with a gait speed of 0.4 - 0.8 m/s were more likely to be what?

A

Limited community ambulators

39
Q

Individuals with a gait speed of greater than 0.8 m/s were more likely to be what?

A

Community ambulators

40
Q

The 10MWT can predict what?

A

Ambulatory capacity for multiple demands

41
Q

What is the mean gait speed required for most pedestrians?

A

1.32 m/s

42
Q

What is the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI)?

A
  • Assess individual ability to modify balance while walking in the presence of external demands
  • Evaluates not only the usual steady-state walking but also walking during more challenging tasks
43
Q

How long does the DGI take?

A

10-15 minutes

44
Q

What does the DGI cost?

A

Free

45
Q

The DGI can be performed with a marked distance of _____, and it can be performed with or without an _____ _____.

A

20 feet; assistive device

46
Q

The scores for the DGI are based on a 4-point scale, what are those 4 points?

A

3) No gait dysfunction
2) Minimal impairment
1) Moderate impairment
0) Severe impairment

47
Q

The highest possible score for the DGI is 24 points, and the six tasks it includes are what?

A

1) Steady-state walking
2) Walking with changing speeds
3) Walking with head turns both horizontally and vertically
4) Walking while stepping over and around obstacles
5) Pivoting while walking
6) Stair climbing

48
Q

What is indicative of an increased fall risk in the community-dwelling elderly based on the DGI?

A

< 19 indicative of increased fall risks (Sensitivity 59%, Specificity
64%)

49
Q

What is indicative of an increased fall risk in the community-dwelling older adult based on the DGI?

A

< 19 indicates an increased risk of falls (Sensitivity 67%, specificity
86%)

PCM Exam 1 - Spring (3 decks)

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