Stalin Flashcards
Who was Stalin’s key opponents?
Trotsky, Kamenev, Zinoviev and Bukharin
What did Stalin do during Lenin’s funeral?
- Lied to Trotsky giving him the wrong date
- gave a speech at Lenin’s funeral
What was the group Zinoviev, Kamenev and Trotsky form?
The united opposition
How were Stalins opponents wiped out?
By creating the united opposition, it went against the ban on factions
When was voluntary collectivisation introduced?
December 1927
When was collectivisation compulsory?
1929
What and When was the Ukrainian famine and how many did it kill?
The Holodomor occurred in 1932-33 and killed 5 million Ukrainians
What happened to the Kulacks during collectivisation?
They were liquidated in 1932 and ordered to be executed or sent to the Gulag
By 1939, how much land was collectivised?
99% of land with 250,000 Kolkhozs
How was the 5 year plans organised?
Gosplan set targets for individual industries, Industrial commissariats broke down targets for specific factories and regional managers implemented the impossible targets
What did the first 5 year plan focus on?
heavy industry
What is “target-mania”?
Initial targets were unachievable
What happened to achieve targets?
Due to short supplies, theft, bribery and corruption occurred
What did the second 5 year plan focus on?
Heavy industry, infrastructure and new industries
What was Magnitogorsk?
Russias largest steelwork with workers shocked with living and working conditions with finding huts and tents with no heating or sanitation in 1929-32
What was the punishment for slackers?
Being accused of sabotage resulted in being sent to the Gulag and fines, loss of ration and dismissal was given to absenteeism
Who was the worker who was seen as propaganda?
Alexei Stakhanov who produced 14x the average of one man in a single shift
What did workers receive who exceeded production targets?
Better housing, holidays and cash prizes
Who was accused in the Trial of the Sixteen (1936) and what for?
Zinoviev and Kamenev were accused for the murder of Kirov
