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HISTOPATHOLOGY > Staining of Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Staining of Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

CNS

A

brain & spinal

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2
Q

PNS

A

Nerves & ganglia

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3
Q

What is under PNS

A

Somatic nervous system

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4
Q

What is under CNS

A

Automic Nervous System

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5
Q

______ which is associated with
voluntary body movement by the skeletal muscles.

A

SNS

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6
Q

________ is a component that regulates involuntary processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. It is also where the flight or fight response is controlled.

A

ANS

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7
Q

impulse conducting cells

A

neurons

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8
Q

support and protects neurons

A

glial

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9
Q

What are the glial cells

A

o Oligodendrocyte
o Astrocyte
o Ependymal Cell
o Microglia
o Schwann Cell

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10
Q

Helps form the blood-brain barrier

A

astrocytes

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11
Q

Replicates to occupy space of dying neurons

A

astrocytes

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12
Q

Regulates interstitial fluid composition

A

astrocytes

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13
Q

Provides structural support and organization to the
CNS

A

astrocytes

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14
Q

Assists with neuronal development

A

astrocytes

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15
Q

Lines ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal
cord

A

ependymal cells

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16
Q

Assists in production and circulation of
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

ependymal cells

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17
Q

Phagocytic cells that move through the CNS

A

microglial cells

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18
Q

Protects the CNS by engulfing infectious agents and
other potential harmful substances

A

microglial cells

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19
Q

Myelinates and insulates CNS axons

A

oligodendrocyte

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20
Q

Allows faster action potential propagation along
axons in the CNS

A

oligodendrocytes

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21
Q

Electrically insulates PNS cell bodies

A

satellite cells

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22
Q

Regulates nutrient and waste exchange for cell
bodies in ganglia

A

satellite cells

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23
Q

Surround and insulate PNS axons and myelinate
those having large diameters

A

Neurolemmocyte(schwann cells)

24
Q

Allows for faster action potential propagation along
an axon in the PNS

A

Neurolemmocyte(schwann cells)

25
Q

Also called as some or perikaryon

A

neuron - cell body

26
Q

It contains nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm

A

neuron - cell body

27
Q
  • Large euchromatic nucleus with prominent nucleolus
  • chromatophilic substance (Nissl substance, Nissl bodies) basophilic regions consisting of polyribosomes and RER
A

neuron - cell body

28
Q

most neurons have a single _____

A

axon

29
Q

It arises from axon hillock

A

axon

30
Q

plasma membrane is called ______ whereas its
contents are called ______

A

axolemma, axoplasm

31
Q

terminal branches of axons end in small button like
structures called _________

A

presynaptic terminals

32
Q

Largest and most abundant neuroglia cells

A

astrocytes

33
Q

Fibrous long delicate processes, abundant in white
matter

A

white
matter

34
Q

Protoplasmic shorter processes, abundant in

A

gray matter

35
Q

When there is damage in the CNS, it is permanent
because it cannot regenerate

A

reactive astrocytosis

36
Q

Respond to injury by producing a dense network of
processes, somewhat analogous to fibrous scar that
occurs elsewhere in the body.

A

Reactive astrocytosis

37
Q

In contrast to fibroblast, ______ do not produce
collagen. Instead, the scar contains cytoplasmic
processes.

A

Astrocytes

38
Q

Plasma membrane of the oligodendrocyte is wrapped around the ________

A

adjacent axons

39
Q

Produce and myelinate the axons in the cns

A

oligodendrocytes

40
Q

Single _________ can surround and myelinate
several axons

A

oligodendrocyte

41
Q

_______ insulates axon and facilitates rapid
transmission of nerve impulse

A

Myelin sheath

42
Q

● Smallest neuroglial cells
● Part of the mononuclear phagocyte system
● Part of immune defense of CNS

A

microglia

43
Q

Also called tigroid bodies

A

staiin of nissl bodies

44
Q

Made of rough ER with RNA in the cytoplasm of
neurons

A

stain of nissl bodies

45
Q

Absence suggests _________

A

neuronal degeneration

46
Q

Can be stained with H&E but are best stained with
Cresyl fast violet, thionine, toluidine blue and methylene blue

A

stain of nissl bodies

47
Q

Dissolution of the Nissl bodies in neurons

A

chromatolysis

48
Q

chromatolysis is usually triggered by

A

axotomy, ischemia, toxicity to the cell, and
virus infections

49
Q

Its purpose is to identify the neurons in tissue
sections or the demonstration of the loss
of Nissl substance during chromatolysis

A

Cresyl fast violet (nissl) stain

50
Q

Section is covered with _______________

A

cresyl fast violet stain

51
Q

_______ appear purple to dark blue

A

Nissl bodies

52
Q

Neurons (cytoplasm) appear ______

A

pale purple

53
Q

fixation of cresyl fast violet stain

A

Alcohol, Carnoy’s or neutral formol saline

54
Q

sections of cresyl fast violet stain

A

paraffin 7-10 um

55
Q

Cresyl fast violet nissl stain solutions

A

o Cresyl fast violet 0.5 gm.
o Distilled water 100 ml.
o Differentiating Solution
o Glacial acetic acid 250 μl
o Alcohol 100 ml.

56
Q

results of cresyl fast stain

A

▪ Nissl substance purple-dark blue
▪ Neurons pale purple blue
▪ Cell nuclei purple blue

HISTOPATHOLOGY (2 decks)

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