Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1. Histopath Midterms > STAINING > Flashcards

STAINING Flashcards

1
Q

a routine staining procedure used to stain tissue to reveal the cell types and structures (nucleus, cytoplasm and cell organelle) as well presence of microorganism specially bacteria.

A

H and E stain (Hematoxylin and Eosin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stains used other H and E, this reveals particular tissue structure elements or microorganism.

A

Special stains-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The process of applying colored dyes on a section to study the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical characteristics of the cell as well its chemical components.

A

STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stains used to identify proteins and DNA/RNA sequence

A

Advance stains-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

demonstrate the specific constituents of tissue thru chemical reactions.

A

Histochemical staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Classification of staining

A

Histological staining
Histochemical staining
Immunohistochemical staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

demonstrate the general appearance of cells and tissues by staining its nucleus and cytoplasm.

A

Histological staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Example of Histological Staining

A

H and E stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

it permits the microscopic localization of a specific tissue substance.

A

Histochemical staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example of Histochemical staining

A

Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Combination of immunological and histochemical stain.

A

Immunohistochemical staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stain used to demonstrate carbohydrates

A

Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

It uses monoclonal and polyclonal enzyme-labeled antibodies.

A

Immunohistochemical staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Method of staining

A

Direct staining
Indirect staining
Progressive staining
Regressive staining
Metallic staining
Counter staining
Vital staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Application of simple dye to stain the tissue in varying shades of colors.

A

DIRECT STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Example of DIRECT STAINING

A

Methylene Blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

use of MORDANT to facilitate a particular staining method.

A

INDIRECT STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Example of MORDANT INDIRECT STAINING

A

aluminum hematoxylin and iron hematoxylin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the use of ACCENTUATOR to improve either the selectivity or the intensity of stain

A

INDIRECT STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

serves as linked or bridge between dye and tissue

A

Mordant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

accelerates the speed of staining reaction.

A

Accentuator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Example of ACCENTUATOR INDIRECT STAINING

A

E.g. Carbol fuchsin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stain applied to the tissue in strict sequence and for specific times. The stain is not washed out or decolorized because there is no overstaining of tissue constituents

A

PROGRESSIVE STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Example of Progressive Stain

A

H and E stain for frozen section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Tissue is first overstained and then the excess stain is removed by decolorizer.

A

REGRESSIVE STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

stains that differentiate particular tissue components by staining them a different color to that of original dye.

A

METACHROMATIC STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Example of METACHROMATIC STAINING

A

Bismarck brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Example of REGRESSIVE STAINING

A

H and E stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is the removal of washing out of the excess stain until the color is retained only in the tissue components to be

A

DIFFERENTIATION (DECOLORIZATION)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Example of COUNTER STAINING

A

Hematoxylin (nuclear stain) and Eosin Y (cytoplasmic stain).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Metachromatic staining phenomenon is known as

A

Metachromasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The phenomenon is known as metachromasia.

A

METACHROMATIC STAINING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

application of one or more dyes that by contrast will bring out difference between the various cells and tissues.

A

COUNTER STAINING

23
Q

Structures demonstrated are opaque and black.

A

METALLIC IMPREGNATION/STAINING

23
Q

deposition of heavy metals salts on around cells or tissue constituents.

A

METALLIC IMPREGNATION/STAINING

24
Q

Staining of structures in living cells, either in the body (in vivo) or in a laboratory preparation (in vitro).

A

VITAL STAINING

25
Q

injecting a dye into animal body producing colorization of certain cells.

A

INTRAVITAL STAINING( IN VIVO)

26
Q

staining of living cells immediately after the removal from the body.

A

SUPRAVITAL STAINING ( IN VITRO)

27
Q

removal of wax by immersing it to solvent. Because wax is poorly permeable to stains.

A

Deparaffinization

28
Q

it is done graded alcohols or acetones from 70% to absolute alcohol (100%).

A

Dehydration

28
Q

Process of staining of paraffin sections

A

Deparaffinization
Hydration
Staining
Dehydration
Clearing
Mounting

29
Q

The most common stain applied for histological study is Hematoxylin and Eosin. Tissue is place in an acid alcohol (differentiation) before eosin.

A

Staining

29
Q

is done with graded alcohols from higher concentration to lower concentration. Alcohol and acetone are miscible with xylene. First change is made to absolute alcohol or acetone followed by 90%, 70% alcohol and finally distilled water.

A

Hydration ( sections to alcohol)-

29
Q

application of mounting medium (syrup fluid) between the stained section and cover slip.

A

Mounting

30
Q

stained section is cleared with xylene. Since xylene is miscible to most mountants.

A

Clearing

30
Q

Classification of Dye used in stains

A

Natural Dyes
Synthetic Dyes

30
Q

Process of Staining of paraffin section (GIVE THE ORDER)

A

Deparaffinization
Xylene I
Xylene II
Absolute alcohol I
Absolute alcohol II

Hydration
90% alcohol
70% alcohol
Water
Hematoxylin
1% acid alcohol
Eosin

Dehydration
70% alcohol
90% alcohol
Absolute alcohol (100%)

Clearing
Xylene
Xylene

Mounting
Microscopic Examination

30
Q

What are the natural Dyes

A

Hematoxylin
Cochineal dyes
Orcein

31
Q

What are the synthetic Dyes

A

Acid Dyes
Basic Dyes
Neutral Dyes (amphoteric)

31
Q

This is the most popular dye used as a nuclear stain.

A

HEMATOXYLIN

31
Q

Hematoxylin from the greek word?

A

Blood Wood

32
Q

Dye Obtained from plants and animals.

A

Natural dyes

33
Q

It develops staining property after oxidation.
Must have a mordant to strengthen the staining capability.

A

HEMATOXYLIN

33
Q

It is derived from the log tree (Hematoxylon Camphecianum) mainly found in Mexico.

A

HEMATOXYLIN

34
Q

What is the mordant for HEMATOXYLIN

A

Aluminum or Iron

34
Q

What are the Aluminum Hematoxylin Solution

A

Ehrlich’s hematoxylin
Harris Hematoxylin
Cole’s Hematoxylin
Mayer’s Hematoxylin

35
Q

Hematoxylin dissolved in ethyl alcohol, with aluminum potassium, glycerin, d. h20 and glacial acetic acid.

For regressive staining.
Not suitable for frozen section.

A

Ehrlich’s hematoxylin

36
Q

Hematoxylin dissolved in ethyl alcohol, with aluminum potassium,mercuric oxide, d. h20 and glacial acetic acid.

For regressive staining
Used for nuclear staining, exfoliative cytology and sex chromosome staining.

A

Harris hematoxylin

37
Q

What are the Iron Hematoxylin

A

Weigert’s Hematoxylin
Heidenhain’s hematoxylin
Phosphotungstic acid Hematoxylin (PTAH)

38
Q

Hematoxylin dissolved in alcohol with HCL and ferric chloride and d. h20.

Used for demonstrating muscle fibers and connective tissues.

A

Weigert’s hematoxylin

39
Q

For demonstration of nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions.

A

Heidenhain’s hematoxylin

40
Q

3 forms of Eosin

A

Eosin Y (yellowish)- most common
Eosin B (red color)
Eosin S (ethyl eosin)

40
Q

Mordant used is phosphotungstic acid
For paraffin, celloidin or frozen sections.

A

Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin ( PTAH)

40
Q

Examples of COCHINEAL DYES

A

Picrocarmine
Bert’s carmine

41
Q

A red acid dye
Used as a counter stain after hematoxylin and before methylene blue.
For background stain

A

Eosin

42
Q

It is a scarlet dye made from the ground bodies of cochineal beetles, treated with alum to produce a dye, CARMINE.

A

COCHINEAL DYES

43
Q

Cochineal dye for neuropathological studies

A

Picrocarmine

43
Q

Cochineal dye for glycogen demonstration

A

Bert’s carmine

44
Q

Vegetable dye extract from lichens (orchella weeds)
Used for staining elastic fibers

A

ORCEIN

45
Q

Most of these are in Aniline base and derived from coal tar.

A

Synthetic dyes

46
Q

Example of Acid dyes that can be a counter stain for Van Gienson’s stain

A

Acid Fuchsin (magenta red)
Picric acid

46
Q

The active coloring substance is in the acid component

A

Acid dyes

47
Q

Cell structure that can take up acid dye

A

Collagen
Eosinophiliic granules of WBC

48
Q

Mixture of picric acid and acid fucshin.
Introduce by Ira Van Gienson

A

Van Gienson’s stain

49
Q

Van Gienson’s stain
Color of Collagen Fibers and muscle -
Other tissue components -

A

Red
Yellow

50
Q

Active coloring component is in the basic components

A

Basic dyes

51
Q

Example of Basic dyes

A

Methylene Blue

52
Q

Cell structure with affinity to basic dye are

A

Chromatin
Mucus
Cartilage matrix

53
Q

Combination of acid and basic dyes than can stain nucleus and cytoplasm simultaneously and differentially.

A

Neutral dye

54
Q

Example of Neutral Dyes

A

Romanowsky Stain (methylene blue + eosin Y)
Giemsa Stain

55
Q

used for parasite identification in peripheral blood smear.

A

Giemsa Stain

1. Histopath Midterms (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions