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1. Histopath Midterms > Special Stains > Flashcards

Special Stains Flashcards

1
Q

It is term “special” because they are dyes used to stain particular tissues, structures or microorganisms that may not be visible by routine H&E staining.

A

Histochemical stains

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2
Q

It can determine the presence or absence (qualitative) and amount (quantitative).

A

Histochemical stains

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3
Q

the color of particular tissue elements using one stain is different from another type of stain.

A

Histochemical stains

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4
Q

Immunohistochemical stains detects cellular constituents specifically proteins (antigen) thru immunologic principle.

A

Histochemical stains

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5
Q

PAS activity in inhibit by

A

Osmic Acid
Chromates
Permanganates

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5
Q

Other sugars that PAS stain are

A

Glucose
Galactose
Mannose
Methylpentose
Fructose
Hexokinase

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5
Q

resulting color of PERIODIC ACID SCHIFF (PAS)

A

Magenta Red or purplish-pink

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5
Q

What are the Special Stains

A

Carbohydrates (glycogen and mucin)
Fats and lipids
Protein, enzymes and nucleic acids
Connective tissue
Muscle and bone
Central nervous system
Pigments and deposits

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6
Q

Used to stain carbohydrates in histochemical staining.

A

PERIODIC ACID SCHIFF (PAS)

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6
Q

PAS with Diastase Method
Color Result for
Nuclei -
Glycogen -
Control -

A

Black
Red
only the nuclei are stained

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7
Q

Suitable temperature for staining should be

A

25C and above

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8
Q

stain Most suitable in celloidin section

A

Best Carmine Method

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8
Q

Stain can be used in paraffin, frozen or cryostat sections.

A

Perodic Acid Schiff (PAS)

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8
Q

Used Diastase (human saliva) or 0.1 % malt diastase serves as a control.

A

PAS with Diastase Method

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9
Q

stain Highly specific for glycogen

A

Best Carmine Method

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10
Q

Best Carmine Method
Color results for
Nuclei -
Glycogen -
Mucin, fibrin -

A

Blue or Grayish Blue
Bright red Granules
Wear red

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11
Q

Most suitable in celloidin section aka

A

Langhan’s Iodine method

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11
Q

Langhan’s Iodine method also known as

A

Carleton’s modification

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12
Q

This stain is obsolete and not specific

A

Langhan’s Iodine method

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13
Q

Color results for Azure A
Acid mucopolysaccharides -
Other tissue components -

A

Crimson or red violet
Shades of blue

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13
Q

Langhan’s Iodine Method color results for
Glycogen -
Tissue Constituents -

A

Mahogany Brown
Yellow

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14
Q

Color results for Hale’s Dialyzed (Colloidal) Iron Technique
Acid Mucin -
Nuclei -

A

Dark blue
Red

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14
Q

Stains for Glycogen

A

Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)
Best Carmine
Langhan’s Iodine Method

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15
Q

Stains for Mucin

A

Azure A
Methachromatic Toluidine Blue
Alcian Blue Technique
Gomori’s Aldehyde Fucshin Stain
Mucicarmine Stain
Hale’s Dialyzed (colloidal) Iron Technique
Fluorescent Acridine Orange Technique (immunofluoresnce)

MAG MAH F

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16
Q

Metachromatic stain for acid mucoploysaccharides.

A

Azure A

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17
Q

Color results for Alcian Blue Technique
Acid mucin-
Nuclei -

A

Blue
Red

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18
Q

Color results for Metachromatic Toluidine Blue
Glycosaminoglycans -
Tissue background-

A

Red Purple
Blue

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19
Q

Color results for Gomori’s Aldehyde Fucshin Stain
Sulfated mucins-
Carboxylated Mucin -

A

Purple
Blue

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20
Q

Color results for Mucicarmine Stain
Mucins -
Nuclei -
Background -

A

Red
Blue
Unstained

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21
Q

A fluorochrome used to demonstrate mucin
Stain last only for 2 hours

A

Fluorescent Acridine Orange Technique (immunofluorescence)

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22
Q

Color results for Fluorescent Acridine Orange Technique (immunofluorescence)
Acid mucopolysaccharides -
Fungi -
Background -

A

Black
Greenish red
Reddish Orange

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23
Q

Stains for Fats and Lipids

A

Sudan Black
Sudan IV (scharlach R)
Oil Red O
Osmic Acid Stain
Nile Blue Sulfate Method
Borohydride-Periodic-Schiff Method

S2O2 NB

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24
Q

Sudan Black
Fixative:
Section:

A

Fixative: formaldehyde calcium with post-chroming.
Section: cryostat or frozen.

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25
Q

Color results for Sudan Black
Lipids -
Nuclei -

A

Blue black
Red

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26
Q

Sudan IV (Scharlach R)
Fixative:
Section:

A

Fixative: 10 % formalin
Section: frozen

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26
Q

Oil Red O
Fixative:
Section:

A

Fixative: neutral buffered formalin
Section: frozen section

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26
Q

Osmic Acid Stain
Fixative:
Section:

A

Fixative: 10% formalin
Section: cryostat

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27
Q

Color results for Oil Red O
Fat -
Nuclei -

A

Briilliant Red
Blue

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27
Q

Color results for Sudan IV (Scharlach R)
Lipids (triglycerides) -
Nuclei -

A

Red
Blue/Black

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28
Q

Used to differentiate type of lipids

A

Nile Blue Sulfate Method

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28
Q

Used as a fixative for EM
Not Stain.

A

Osmic Acid Stain

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29
Q

Color results for Osmic Acid Stain
Fat -
Nuclei -

A

Black
Yellow Orange

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30
Q

Nile Blue Sulfate Method
Fixative:
Section:

A

10% formalin
Frozen

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31
Q

Color results for Nile Blue Sulfate Method
Neutral Fat -
Cholesterin esters and Cholesterin fatty acids -
Cerebrosides -
Fatty acids and soap -

A

Pinkish Red
Light Red
Light Blue
Deep blue or violet

32
Q

Stain for gangliosides

A

Borohydride-Periodic-Schiff Method

33
Q

Borohydride-Periodic-Schiff Method
Fixative:
Section:

A

10% formalin
Cryostat

34
Q

Color results for Borohydride-Periodic-Schiff Method
Gagliosides -
Nuclei -

A

Red
Blue

35
Q

Stains for Proteins

A

Peracetic Acid Alcian Blue
Gomori calcium method

36
Q

Stain for Alkaline phosphatase

A

Gomori calcium method

36
Q

Stain For Cysteine and Cystine.

A

Peracetic Acid Alcian Blue

37
Q

Gomori calcium method
Fixative:
Section:

A

Formol Calcium
Cryostat

37
Q

Peracetic Acid Alcian Blue color result

A

Blue Green

38
Q

Color results for Gomori calcium method
ALP activity -
Nuclei -

A

Brownish Black
Green

39
Q

Stains for Enzymes

A

Lead method
Calcium-cobalt method
a-Napththyl acetate method
Indoxyl acetate method
Felipe and Lake 1983
Tertazolium method

LaC FIT

40
Q

Lead method
Fixative:
Section:

A

Formol Calcium
Cryostat

41
Q

Stain for 5-nucleotidase

A

Lead method

42
Q

Stain for esterase.

A

a-Napththyl Acetate Method
and Indoxyle Acetate Method

42
Q

Color result for Lead method

A

Blackish-brown deposits

43
Q

Metal precipitation.
It precipitates phosphatase to demonstrate ATPase.

A

Calcium-Cobalt Method

44
Q

Color result for Calcium-Cobalt Method

A

Shades of Brown

45
Q

a-Napththyl Acetate Method
Fixative:
Section:

A

Formol Calcium
Cryostat

46
Q

Color result for a-Napththyl Acetate Method
Esterase -
Nuclei -

A

Reddish Brown
Green

47
Q

Stain for Acetylcholinesterase.

A

Felipe and Lake 1983

48
Q

Color result for Indoxyl Acetate method
Ecterase Activity -
Nuclei –

A

Blue
Red

49
Q

Color result for Felipe and Lake 1983

A

Dark brown to Black

49
Q

Nerve cells containing acetylcholinesterase stain

A

Felipe and Lake 1983

50
Q

For monoamine oxidase
Stains bluish black

A

Tertazolium Method

51
Q

Stains for Nucleic Acids

A

Feulgen Technique
Methyl Green-Pyronin Method
Fluorescent staining for DNA and RNA

51
Q

Color result for Tertazolium Method

A

Bluish Black

52
Q

Stains for Nuclear DNA

A

Feulgen Technique

53
Q

Color result for Feulgen Technique
DNA -
Cytoplasm -

A

Red Purple
Green

54
Q

Differential staining for DNA and RNA.

A

Methyl Green-Pyronin Method

55
Q

Color result for Methyl Green-Pyronin Method
DNA -
RNA -

A

Green or Blue Green
Rose Red

56
Q

Color result for Flourescent staining for DNA and RNA
Rhodamine -
Acridine Orange - DNA (___), RNA (____)

A

Orange red emission
Yellow-Green
Orange red

57
Q

Connective Tissue Stains For Reticulin

A

Gomori’s Silver Impregnation

57
Q

Color result for Gomori’s Silver Impregnation
Reticuliin Fibers -

A

Black

58
Q

Connective Tissue Stains for Collagen

A

Van Gienson’s Stain
Masson’s Trichrome stain
Mallory’s Analine Blue
Azocarmine Stain

59
Q

Color result for Van Gienson’s Stain
Collagen -

A

Pink or deep red

60
Q

Color result for Masson’s Trichrome stain
Collagen -

A

Blue

61
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE STAIN for elastic fibers

A

Weigert’s elastic tissue stain-
Verhoeff’s elastic method-
Orcein (Taenzer-Unna Orcein method)-
Krajian’s technique-

62
Q

Color result for Weigert’s elastic tissue stain

A

dark blue or blue black against dark background.

63
Q

Color result for Verhoeff’s elastic method
Elastic Fiber -
Collagen Fiber -

A

Black
Red

63
Q

Color result for Orcein (Taenzer-Unna Orcein method)-

A

Dark brown

64
Q

Color result for Krajian’s technique-

A

Bright red color

65
Q

Connective tissue stain for Fibrins

A

MSB Technique
PTAH method

66
Q

Connective tissue stains for Amyloid

A

Gram’s Iodine
Congo Red Method
Metachromatic Staining
Induced Fluorescent Staining With Thioflavibne

67
Q

Color result for
MSB technique -
PTAH Method -

A

Red
Dark Blue

68
Q

Color results for stains for amyloid
Gram’s Iodine -
Congo Red Method -
Metachromatic Staining -

A

Purple or Blue
Pink or Red
Pinkish Red or Purplish Red

69
Q

Stains for Muscle

A

Modified Gomori’s Trichrome Stain-
Mallory’s PTAH-
Heidenhain’s Iron Hematoxylin-
Lissamine Fast Red-

70
Q

Color Result for stains for muscle
Modified Gomori’s Trichrome Stain-
Mallory’s PTAH-
Heidenhain’s Iron Hematoxylin-
Lissamine Fast Red-

A

Red
Blue
Grey-Black
Red

71
Q

BONE MARROW AND BLOOD STAINS

A

Wright stain
Giemsa Stain
Wright-Giemsa or Jenner Stain
May-Grunwald Stain
Peroxidase Reaction

72
Q

Color results for Schmorl’s Picro-thionin Method
Lacunae and canaliculi -
Bone Matrix -
Cells -

A

Dark brown - Black
Yellow-brownish yellow
Red

73
Q

Stain for for neurons, Axons, Neurofibrils (black against gray background.

A

Bielschowsky’s Technique

74
Q

CENTRAL NERVOUS TISSUE STAIN

A

Bielschowsky’s Technique
Bodian’s Stain
Sevier Munger Technique
Cresyl Fast Violet
Weigert Pal Technique
Luxol Fast Blue

74
Q

for myeloid cells (green or dark blue granules in cytoplasm

A

Peroxidase Reaction

75
Q

Stain for neural tissues.

A

Sevier Munger Technique

76
Q

Stain for nerve fibers and nerve endings.

A

Bodian’s Stain

77
Q

stain for Nissl bodies.

A

Cresyl Fast Violet

78
Q

Stain for Myelin Sheaths.

A

Weigert Pal Technique

79
Q

stain for H and E stain for Myelin.

A

Luxol Fast Blue

80
Q

for myelin sheath (black)

A

Weil’s Method-

81
Q

for astrocytes (black against brownish background).

A

Cajal’s Gold Sublimate-

82
Q

PIGMENTS AND DEPOSITS stains

A

Perl’s Prussian Blue
Turnbull’s Blue Reaction
Benzidine Nitroprusside Stain
Modified Fouchet’s Technique
Gmelin

83
Q

Stain for for hemosiderin (ferric iron) deep blue color.

A

Perl’s Prussian Blue

84
Q

Stain for for hemosiderin

A

Turnbull’s Blue Reaction

85
Q

Stain for hemoglobin and oxidase granules

A

Benzidine Nitroprusside Stain

86
Q

Stain for for bile pigments (emerald- blue green).

A

Modified Fouchet’s Technique

87
Q

Stain for for bile and hematoidi-

A

Gmelin

1. Histopath Midterms (3 decks)

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