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MRCOG part 2 bits > Staging/ incidences > Flashcards

Staging/ incidences Flashcards

1
Q

Timing of delivery in preeclampsia?

A

inability to control maternal blood pressure despite using 3 or more classes of antihypertensives in appropriate doses

  • maternal pulse oximetry less than 90%
  • progressive deterioration in liver function, renal function, haemolysis, or platelet count
  • ongoing neurological features, such as severe intractable headache, repeated visual scotomata, or eclampsia
  • placental abruption
  • reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery doppler velocimetry, a nonreassuring cardiotocograph, or stillbirth
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2
Q

Spread of the growth to –> distant organs

Extend beyond true pelvis

A

Stage IV B cervical cancer

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3
Q

Tumor invades bladder and/or bowel mucosa, and/or distant metastases

A

stage IV uterine cancer

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4
Q

Extended beyond the true pelvis

or has involved (biopsy proven)
the mucosa of the bladder or rectum.

bullous edema, as such, does not permit a case to be allotted to Stage IV.

A

Stage IV cervical cancer

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5
Q

Distant metastasis,

including intra-abdominal metastases and/or inguinal nodes

A

Stage IVB uterine cancer

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6
Q

Distant metastasis excluding peritoneal metastasis

A

Stage IV - ovarian cancer

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7
Q

Tumor of any size fixed to bone,

or fixed, ulcerated lymph node metastases,

or distant metastases

A

Stage IV vulva cancer

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8
Q

The cancer has spread to distant organs such as the lungs or bones (M1).

It can be any size
and might or might not have grown into nearby structures or organs (Any T)

It might or might not have spread to nearby lymph nodes (Any N)

A

Stage IV B vagina cancer

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9
Q

Tumor invasion of bladder and/or bowel mucosa

A

Stage IVA uterine cancer

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10
Q

Extend beyond true pelvis

Spread of the growth to –> adjacent pelvic organs

A

Stage IVA cervical cancer

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11
Q

Parenchymal metastases

metastases to extra-abdominal organs

(including inguinal lymph nodes

& lymph nodes outside of the abdominal cavity)

A

Stage IVB ovarian cancer

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12
Q

distant metastases

A

Stage IVB vulva cancer

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13
Q

Disease fixed to pelvic bone,

or fixed or ulcerated regional lymph node metastases

A

stage IVA vulva cancer

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14
Q

The cancer is growing into the bladder or rectum or is growing out of the pelvis (T4)

It might or might not have spread to lymph nodes in the pelvis or groin (inguinal area) (Any N).

It has not spread to distant sites (M0)

A

Stage IV A vaginal cancer

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15
Q

Pleural effusion with positive cytology

A

Stage IVA ovarian cancer

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16
Q

Regional lymph node metastases

with extracapsular spread

Nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph nodes

A

Stage IIIC vulva cancer

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17
Q

The cancer is growing into the pelvic wall,
and/or growing into the lower one-third of the vagina

and/or has blocked the flow of urine (hydronephrosis), which is causing kidney problems (T3)

It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes (N0) or to distant sites (M0)

A

Stage III vagina cancer

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18
Q

Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis
beyond the pelvis

more than 2 cm in greatest dimension,

with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes
(includes extension of tumour to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ)

A

Stage IIIC ovarian cancer

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19
Q

Involvement of pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes (including micrometastases),

irrespective of tumor size and extent

A

Stage IIIC cervical cancer
Stage IIICp - detected on pathology
Stage IIICr - detected on imaging

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20
Q

Liver capsule/ Spleen capsule

A

Stage IIIC Ovarian cancer

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21
Q

Positive para-aortic nodes with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes

A

Stage IIIC2 uterine cancer

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22
Q

Para-aortic lymph node metastasis

A

Stage IIIC2 cervical cancer

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23
Q

Tumor invades the

serosa of the corpus uteri

and/or adnexa

A

Stage IIIA uterine cancer

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24
Q

The carcinoma involves the lower third of the vagina,

with no extension to the pelvic wall

A

Stage IIIA cervical cancer

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25
The cancer can be any size and might be growing into the pelvic wall, and/or growing into the lower one-third of the vagina and/or has blocked the flow of urine (hydronephrosis), which is causing kidney problems (T1 to T3). It has also spread to nearby lymph nodes in the pelvis or groin (inguinal) area (N1) but not distant sites (M0)
Stage III vagina cancer
26
Vaginal involvement and/or parametrial involvement
Stage IIIB uterine cancer
27
Extension to the pelvic wall and/or hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney (unless known to be due to another cause)
Stage IIIB cervical cancer
28
Macroscopic peritoneal cancer >2cm | Beyond pelvis
Stage IIIC ovarian cancer
29
Positive pelvic nodes
Stage IIIC1 uterine cancer
30
Pelvic lymph node metastasis only
Stage IIIC1 cervical cancer
31
hydronephrosis | kidney problems
stage III vaginal cancer | Stage IIIB cervical cancer
32
Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis up to 2 cm in greatest dimension, with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes
Stage IIIB Ovarian cancer
33
Regional lymph node metastases >5 mm Nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph nodes
Stage IIIB vulva cancer
34
``` Microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement ``` with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes
Stage IIIA2 Ovarian cancer
35
Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (cytologically or histologically proven): Metastasis > 10 mm in greatest dimension
IIIA1-(II): Ovarian cancer
36
Tumor of any size with disease extension to upper two-thirds of the urethra, upper two-thirds of the vagina, bladder mucosa, rectal mucosa, or regional lymph node metastases ≤5 mm Nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph nodes
Stage IIIA vulva cancer
37
Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (cytologically or histologically proven): Metastasis upto 10 mm in greatest dimension
IIIA1 (i): ovarian cancer
38
Invasive carcinoma >5 mm depth of stromal invasion and ≤2 cm in greatest dimension Invasive carcinoma with measured deepest invasion >5 mm; lesion limited to the cervix uteri with size measured by maximum tumor diameter
Stage IB1 cervical cancer | Stage IB cervical cancer
39
Invasive carcinoma ≤4 cm in greatest dimension Involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement
Stage IIA1 cervical cancer Stage IIA cervical cancer
40
Invasive carcinoma >2 and ≤4 cm in greatest dimension Invasive carcinoma with measured deepest invasion >5 mm; lesion limited to the cervix uteri with size measured by maximum tumor diameter
Stage IB2 cervical cancer Stage IB cervical cancer
41
The carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but has not extended onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall
Stage II cervical cancer
42
The cancer has grown through the vaginal wall, but not as far as the pelvic wall and is larger than 2.0 cm (4/5 inch) (T2b) = >2cm It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes (N0) or to distant sites (M0)
Stage IIB vaginal cancer
43
regional lymph node metastases ≤5 mm Nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph nodes
Stage III A vulva cancer
44
Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only | cytologically or histologically proven
Stage IIIA1: ovarian cancer
45
Tumor of any size with extension to upper part of adjacent perineal structures, or with any number of nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph node
Stage III vulva cancer
46
VTE incidence
2/ 10 000 --- non pregnant women background risk 29/ 10 000 --- pregnant 300 - 400/ 10 000 puerperium
47
Tumour involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, or peritoneal cancer, with cytologically or histologically confirmed spread to the peritoneum outside the pelvis and/or metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes
Stage III ovarian cancer
48
Tumour involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes with pelvic extension (below pelvic brim) or peritoneal cancer
Stage II ovarian cancer
49
Above pelvic brim
Stage IIIA2 ovarian cancer
50
Below pelvic brim
Stage II ovarian cancer | Distal ureter injury
51
Local and/or regional spread of the tumor
Stage III uterine cancer
52
Retroperitoneal Lymph nodes positive
Stage III ovarian cancer
53
Tumor of any size with extension to lower one-third of the urethra, lower one-third of the vagina, lower one-third of the anus with negative nodes
Stage II vulva cancer
54
Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis
Stage IIIB ovarian cancer | Stage IIIC ovarian cancer
55
nonfixed, nonulcerated lymph node positive
Stage III vulva cancer
56
Extension and/or implants on uterus and/or fallopian tubes and/or ovaries
Stage II A ovarian cancer
57
With parametrial involvement but not up to the pelvic wall
Stage IIB cervical cancer
58
Tumor invades cervical stroma, but does not extend beyond the uterus
Stage II uterine cancer
59
Parametrium
Stage IIB cervical cancer | Stage IIIB uterine cancer
60
lower one-third of the vagina
Stage II vulva cancer
61
- Extension to other pelvic intraperitoneal tissues | - Tumour involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes with pelvic extension (below pelvic brim) or peritoneal cancer
Stage IIB ovarian cancer Stage II ovarian cancer
62
Microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement
Stage IIIA2 ovarian cancer
63
The cancer has grown through the vaginal wall, but not as far as the pelvic wall and is no larger than 2.0 cm (4/5 inch) (T2a) It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes (N0) or to distant sites (M0)
Stage IIA vaginal cancer
64
lower one-third of the anus
Stage II vulva cancer
65
Malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings
Stage IC3: ovarian cancer
66
Nodes negative
Stage II vulva
67
The carcinoma involves the lower third of the vagina and/or extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney and/or involves pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes
Stage III cervical cancer
68
The cancer is only in the vagina and is larger than 2.0 cm (4/5 inch) (T1b) It has not spread to nearby lymph nodes (N0) or to distant sites (M0
Stage I vaginal cancer
69
Invasive carcinoma ≤4 cm in greatest dimension Involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement
Stage IIA1 cervical cancer Stage IIA cervical cancer
70
Lower one third of vagina
Stage IIIA cervical cancer Stage IIIB endometrial cancer Stage III of vaginal cancer Stage II of vulva cancer
71
Extension to pelvic wall
Stage III B cervical cancer | Stage III vaginal cancer
72
Involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement
Stage IIA cervical cancer
73
- Upper two-thirds of the vagina | - Lower one third of the vagina
``` Stage IIIA vulva cancer - upper 2/3 Stage IIA cervical cancer - upper 2/3 Stage III endometrial cancer - vagina Stage II vulva cancer - lower 1/3 Stage IIIA cervical cancer - lower 1/3 ```
74
Surgical spill
IC1: ovarian cancer
75
Tumor size >2 cm or stromal invasion >1 mm Tumor confined to the vulva
Stage IB vulva cancer
76
fallopian tube surface tumor
Stage IC2: ovarian cancer
77
tumour on ovarian surface
Stage IC2: ovarian cancer
78
Tumor confined to the vulva
Stage I vulva cancer
79
Invasive carcinoma >4 cm in greatest dimension Involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement
Stage IIA2 cervical cancer Stage IIA cervical cancer
80
Invasive carcinoma >4 cm in greatest dimension Lesion limited to the cervix uteri with size measured by maximum tumor diameter
Stage IB3 cervical cancer Stage IB cervical cancer
81
Tumor limited to one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes, with any of the following: capsule ruptured, surface tumor, surgical spill, malignant cells in ascites
Stage IC ovarian cancer
82
Tumour limited to both ovaries (capsule intact) or fallopian tubes; no tumour on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings
Stage IB ovarian cancer
83
Invasion equal to or more than half of the myometrium
Stage IB uterine cancer
84
Invasive carcinoma: with measured deepest invasion >5 mm (greater than Stage IA); lesion limited to the cervix uteri with size measured by maximum tumor diameter
Stage IB cervical cancer
85
Measured stromal invasion ≤3 mm in depth Invasive carcinoma that can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with maximum depth of invasion ≤5 mm
Stage IA1 cervical cancer Stage IA cervical cancer
86
Tumor confined to the vulva Tumor size ≤2 cm and stromal invasion ≤1 mm
Stage IA vulva cancer
87
No or less than half myometrial invasion
Stage IA uterine cancer
88
Measured stromal invasion >3 and ≤5 mm in depth Invasive carcinoma that can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with maximum depth of invasion ≤5 mm
Stage IA2 Cervical cancer | stage IA cervical cancer
89
Tumour limited to one ovary (capsule intact) or fallopian tube; no tumour on ovarian or fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings
Stage IA ovarian cancer
90
Tumor confined to the corpus uteri
Stage I uterine cancer
91
Micro-Invasive carcinoma: that can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with maximum depth of invasion ≤5 mm
Stage IA cervical cancer
92
ovarian capsule intact
Stage IA ovarian cancer | stage IB ovarian cancer
93
The carcinoma is strictly confined to the cervix | extension to the uterine corpus should be disregarded
Stage I Cervical cancer
94
Tumour confined to ovaries or fallopian tube(s)
Stage I: ovarian cancer

MRCOG part 2 bits (6 decks)

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