Stages of Motor Development Flashcards
Motor Development
The physical growth and strengthening of a child’s bones, muscles, and ability to move and touch their surroundings.
Fine Motor Skills
involved in smaller movements that use the small muscles of the hands, wrists, fingers, feet, and toes.
Gross Motor Skills
movements that involve the use of large muscles such as the legs, arms, and other large body parts.
Cerebral Palsy
affects movement and muscle tone, caused by damage to the developing brain.
-can result in challenges with coordination, muscle control, and balance.
Muscular Dystrophy
progressive muscle weakness and degeneration.
-can impact both gross and fine motor skills, leading to difficulties with mobility and coordination.
Spine Bifida
neural tube defect that occurs when the spine and spinal cord do not form properly
-can cause paralysis, muscle weakness, and difficulties with walking and coordination.
Down Syndrome
genetic condition cause by an extra copy of chromosome 21
-may experience low muscle tone (hypotonia), which can affect motor development and coordination.
Rett Syndrome
rare genetic disorder that primarily affects females.
-causes developmental regression, loss of purposeful hand skills, and difficulties with motor coordination and movement.
fragile X syndrome
genetic condition
-causes a range of developmental challenges, including intellectual disability and delays in motor development such as walking and coordination.
Trader-Willi Syndrome
genetic disorder
-intellectual disability, hyperphagia (excessive eating), and low muscle tone, which can impact motor development and coordination.
Tourette Syndrome
neurological disorder
-repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations (tics), which can affect motor coordination and control.
Traumatic Brian Injury (TBI)
damage to the brain caused by an external force
-can result in a range of motor deficits depending on the location and severity of the injury.
