stages of attatchment Flashcards
Who investigated the formation of early attatchments
Schaffer and Emerson
What particularly did Schaffer and Emerson investigate
-The age that attatchments developed
-The eotional intensity
-To whom they were directed
Schaffer and Emersons procedure
-a longitudinal study where 60 babies from working class glasgean families were observed every month for the first year and then again at 18 months
What were the two meaures of attatchment that S hafer and Emerson studied
-Seperation anxiety = being left alone, or with a cot / pram
-Stranger anxiety = researcher approaching child until a point of anxiet was noticed
Strengths of longitudinal studies
-More valid results as they develop over time
-Reduce the effect of confounding variables
weakness of longitudinal studies
-attrition rate = many drop out making the study less representative
-reseracher becomes involved = researcher bias
Schaffer and Emersons coclusions
-responsivness seemed to be the key to attatchment
-intense attatchment = fast responce from mother
-weak attatchment = failure to interact
What are Schaffer and Emersons four stages of attatchment
-Asocial
-Indiscriminate
-Specific
-Multiple
Asocial stages of attatchent are
-first few weeks
-babies recognise and form bond with carer
-non-human and huuman objects are quite imular but babies still preference humans
Indiscriminate stages of attatchment are
-2-7 months
-babies display more observable soial behavior
-preference for people and now recognies familiar adults
-accapts cuddles from any adult
-doesn’t show seperation anxiety
Specific stages of attatchement are
-Fromm 7 months
-baby shows anxiety towards strangers
-seperation anxiety when away frm specific attatchmennt (primary attatchment figure who responds to signals the most)
Multile stages of attatchment
-8+ months
-babies start to show attatchemt to more than one adult (secondary attatchments)
-These form quickly after specific attatchment especialy after the age of 1
