stages of anesthesia Flashcards
Stage 1 begins with ____ and ends with _____
administration of anesthesia, loss of consciousness
we often do not see stage one until
emergence
in stage 2, muscle tone is ____
increased
in stage 1, muscular tone is
normal
stage 2 is known as the stage of
delirium or excitement
stage 2 begins at ___ and ends at ___
loss of consciousness, beginning of surgical anesthesia
larynospasm is likely to occur in stage
2
in stage2 pupils
dilate, can point in diff directions
in stage2, BP and HR are
elevated
in stage 2, breathing is
irregular and fast
in stage 3, respirations are
regular
in stage 3, pulse and BP
normalize
in stage3, muscles
relax
in stage 3, pupils
centered
in stage 3, cough gag and eyelid reflexes are
absent
stage4 is the stage of
depression
stage 4 effect on cardiac and resp
profound depression
in stage 1, breathing is
irregular (gas is irritating)
in stage 4,pupils are
dilated
stage3 is the ___ stage
operative
with loss of reflexes and rhythmic respirations, there is indication that ___ is beginning
surgical anesthesia (stage3)
signs of light anesthesia
increase: resp, BP, HR, muscle tone, swallowing, coughing, tears
signs of deep anesthesia
hypotension, diaphragmatic breathing, dilated lack luster pupils, bradycardia
in stage 1,brain gas tension is
low.
in stage 1 what happens in the brain
dorsal horn activity decreases and there is decreased synaptic transmission in the spinothalamic tract
in stage 2 what happens in the brain
the partial pressure in the brain rises and there is a blockade of inhibitory neurons, which enhances and facilitates synaptic transmission
in stage 3 what happens in the brain
Pbr further increases giving rise to progressive depression of the ascending (sensory) pathways of the RAS, producing a suppression of spinal reflex activity or skeletal muscle relaxation.
