Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

finals y3s1 > SSTI > Flashcards

SSTI Flashcards

1
Q

how does the skin protect against infection

A
  • protective barrier
  • continuous renewal of epidermal layer -> shedding of keratocytes & skin microbiota
  • sebaceous secretion inhibit growth of many bacteria & fungi
  • normal commensal skin microbiome prevent colonisation & overgrowth of pathogenic strains
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pathophysiology of SSTI

A

disruption of normal host defence -> allow overgrowth & invasion of skin & soft tissues by pathogenic micro-organisms & prevent enzyme/cytokine from reaching site of infectionf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

actors that impair skin barrier function

A

1) age (both extreme ends)
2) infection
3) physical damage
4) ischaemia
5) drugs & diseases
6) pH
7) excessive soap & detergent use
8) high humidity & moisture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of disruption of skin barrier

A

1) traumatic
2) nontraumatic

  • ulcer, tinea pedis, dermatitis, toe web intertrigo, chemical irritant

3) impaired venous & lymphatic drainage

  • saphenous venectomy
  • obesity
  • chronic venous insufficiency

4) peripheral artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

prevention of SSTI

A

1) manage predisposing conditions
2) good care to maintain skin integrity
3) acute traumatic wound (irrigated, remove foreign object, debride devitalised tissue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where to obtain culture for SSTI

A

1) deep in wound after surface cleansed
2) base of closed abscess
3) curettage rather than wound swab/irrigation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when to not take culture for SSTI?

A

1) mild/superficial infection
2) culture of pus, exudates, tissues from wound (can be contaminated & hard)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when to take blood culture for SSTI?

A

only when systemic symptoms/immunocompromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

clinical presentation of impetigo (superficial SSTI)

A
  • erythematous papules -> rapidly evolve into vesicles & pustules that rupture -> dry discharge
  • usually on exposed areas (face & extremities)
  • well localised & a lot
  • bollous/non bollous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

clinical presentation of ecthyma (superficial SSTI)

A
  • ulcerative form of impetigo
  • lesions extend through epidermis & deep into dermis
  • pruritus -> scratch spread infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

clinical presentation of furuncles (follicular SSTI)

A
  • infection of hair follicle
  • purulent material extend through dermis into subcutaneous tissue -> form small abscess
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

clinical presentation of carbuncles (follicular SSTI)

A
  • group of furuncles
  • furuncle coalesce -> extend into subcutaneous tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

clinical presentation of skin abscess (follicular SSTI)

A
  • collection of pus within dermis & deeper skin tissue
  • painful, tender, fluctuant, erythematous nodules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

clinical presentation of erysipelas (SSTI)

A
  • affect upper dermis
  • fiery red, tender, painful plaque
  • raised above surrounding skin w well-demarcated edges
  • common on face & lower extremities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

clinical presentation of cellulitis

A
  • deeper & subcutaneous fats
  • acute, diffuse, spreading, non-elevated, poorly demarcated area of erythema
  • rapid onset/progression
  • unilateral
  • anywhere, usually lower extremities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

complications for both erysipelas & cellulitis

A

bacteraiaemia, endocarditis, toxic shock, glomerulonephritis, lymphoedema, osteomyelitis, necrotising soft-tissue infections

17
Q

conditions that are similar to cellulitis

A

DVT, calciphylaxis, stasis dermatitis, haematoma, erythema migrans

18
Q

impetigo likely pathogen

A
  • staphylococci or streptococci
  • toxin-producing strains of staph aureus -> bullous form
19
Q

mild, limited impetigo lesion treatment

A

topical mupirocin

20
Q

ecthyma likely pathogens

A

Group A streptococci (pyogenes)

21
Q

treatment of multiple impetigo/ecthyma lesions

A

1) empiric

  • staph/strep: PO cephalexin/PO cloxacillin
  • penicillin allergy: PO clindamycin

2) culture-directed

  • S. pyogenes: PO pen V, amoxicillin
  • MSSA: PO cephalexin, cloxacillin
  • 7 days
22
Q

likely pathogens for nonpurulent (cellulitis, erysipelas)

A
  • beta-haemolytic streptococcus
  • group A streptococci
  • less common
    1) S. aureus
    2) aeromonas (Freshwater), vibrio vulnificus (seawater), pseudomonas w water exposure
23
Q

nonpurulent (cellulitis, erysipelas) treatment categories

A

1) mild (wo systemic)

  • cover strep pyogenes w oral Abx
  • Pen V, cephalexin, cloxacillin
  • penicillin allergy: clindamycin

2) moderate (w systemic, purulence)

  • cover MSSA w IV Abx
  • cefazolin, cloxacillin, clindamycin (Pen allergy)

3) severe systemic, fail oral/immunocompromised)

  • IV Abx: pip/tazo, cefepime, meropenem
  • MRSA risk factors: IV vanco, dapto, vibrio

4) water exposure

  • add ciprofloxacin
24
Q

duration of treatment for nonpurulent (cellulitis, erysipelas)

A
  • 5-10days
  • 14 days if immunocompromisedn
25
Q

nonpharmaco for nonpurulent (cellulitis, erysipelas)

A
  • rest
  • limb elevation to drain oedema & inflam substances
26
Q

monitoring for SSTI

A
  • within 48-72 hrs of effective Abx
  • X lesion progression/development of complication
  • switch to oral when improve
27
Q

mainstay for purulent SSTI

A

incision & drainage

28
Q

when to use adjunctive for purulent SSTI

A

1) X drain completely
2) lack response to I&D
3) extensive disease involving multiple site
4) extreme ages
5) immunocompromised
6) signs of systemic infection

29
Q

treatment for purulent SSTI based on severity

A

1) mild

  • I&D or warm compress to promote drainage

2) moderate (systemic)

  • I&D + oral Abx (cloxacillin/cephalexin/clindamycin)

3) severe

  • I&D + IV Abx (cloxacillin, cefazolin, clindamycin [allergy], vanco [MRSA])
30
Q

treatment duration for nonpurulent SSTI

A

5-10 days

finals y3s1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions