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SS finals Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the key points of Thomas Jefferson’s first inaugural address?

A

Reducing debt, cutting military spending, and emphasizing Laissez-Faire economics.

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1
Q

What was significant about Washington’s Judiciary Act of 1789?

A

It created federal courts.

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2
Q

What were the components of Hamilton’s Financial Plan?

A

Assumption of state debts, creation of a Bank of the U.S., protective tariffs.

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3
Q

What were the components of Hamilton’s Financial Plan?

A

Assumption of state debts, creation of a Bank of the U.S., protective tariffs.

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4
Q

What led to the Marbury v. Madison case?

A

William Marbury sued for his appointment papers not delivered by James Madison.

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5
Q

What were the main differences between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson’s

A

Hamilton favored a strong national government; Jefferson supported states’ rights.

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6
Q

What economic system did Hamilton advocate for?

A

An economy based on industry.

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7
Q

How did the United States acquire Florida from Spain?

A

Through the Adams-Onís Treaty, following Andrew Jackson’s military actions.

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8
Q

What was the Louisiana Purchase, and what were its implications?

A

The U.S. acquired 828,000 square miles from France for $15 million, doubling its size.

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9
Q

What characterized the Era of Good Feelings during Monroe’s presidency?

A

Political unity and the decline of the Federalist Party.

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10
Q

What were the Barbary Wars, and what prompted them?

A

Conflicts with Ottoman pirates over tribute payments for safe passage.

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11
Q

What was Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality?

A

It declared the U.S. would remain neutral in the conflict between Britain and France.

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12
Q

What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?

A

warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere

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13
Q

What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?

A

Laws that made it a crime to criticize the government and restricted immigration.

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14
Q

What was Thomas Jefferson’s stance towards France during his term as Secretary of State?

A

He favored close ties and supported their revolution.

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15
Q

Who was the first President of the United States?

A

George Washington.

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16
Q

What was the significance of the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

It tested the strength of the national government under the Constitution.

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17
Q

What were the effects of the War of 1812 on the United States?

A

Increased national pride, end of the Federalist Party, and opening territory for settlement.

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18
Q

What led to the Battle of Tippecanoe?

A

Tensions with Native American resistance led by Tecumseh against American expansion.

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19
Q

How did Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion?

A

He sent the U.S. army to put it down.

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20
Q

Who wrote the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, and what was their purpose?

A

Thomas Jefferson and James Madison; to argue for states’ rights against federal laws.

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21
Q

What was the Embargo Act of 1807, and what were its consequences?

A

It halted trade with all foreign nations, harming the U.S. economy.

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22
Q

Who were Lewis and Clark, and what was their expedition’s purpose?

A

Explorers tasked with finding a route to the Pacific and documenting new resources.

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23
Q

What was the XYZ Affair, and how did it affect U.S.-France relations?

A

It involved French officials demanding bribes; it heightened anti-French sentiments. (resulted in undeclared war)

24
Q

Which political parties emerged during Adams’ presidency?

A

Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.

25
Q

What were the main causes of the War of 1812?

A

forcing of American sailors to serve in the military, trade restrictions, and British support for Native American resistance.

26
Q

What was the outcome of the Marbury v. Madison case, and why was it significant?

A

Established judicial review; confirmed the Supreme Court’s authority to declare laws unconstitutional.

27
Q

Who were the War Hawks, and what did they advocate for?

A

Congress members who pushed for war to expand U.S. territory, including Henry Clay and John Calhoun.

28
Q

Who were the members of Washington’s first cabinet?

A

Henry Knox, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, Edmund Randolph.

29
Q

What marked the election of 1800 as the ‘Revolution of 1800’?

A

It was the first peaceful transfer of power between parties in U.S. history.

30
Q

How did Andrew Jackson become a national hero during the War of 1812?

A

His leadership at the Battle of New Orleans secured a significant victory.

31
Q

Who were the first 5 presidents of the USA?

A

George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison & James Monroe

32
Q

what the the Judiciary act of 1789?

A

Created federal courts

33
Q

who was the secretary of Treasury?

A

Alexander Hamilton

34
Q

What was the proclamation of Neutrality?

A

a formal announcement issued by U.S. President George Washington on April 22, 1793, that declared the nation neutral in the conflict between revolutionary France and Great Britain.

35
Q

What did Washingtons farewell address state?

A

-Warned against political parties
-Warned against “entangling alliances” with foreign nations (led to the precedent of non-intervention in foreign affairs)
T0wo Term presidencies

36
Q

What was the XYZ afffair?

A

a failed negotiation attempt between the United States and the revolutionary new French government which needed money during its defensive war with Great Britain

37
Q

What was the Alien and Sedation acts?

A

-Made it a crime to criticize the president or gov’t leaders
-This attack on free speech backfired & badly damaged the Federalist Party & Adams

38
Q

what was the Virginia and Kentucky Resolution?

A

They were responses to the Alien and Sedition Acts, asserting that states had the right to nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional.

39
Q

Who won the Barbay wars?

A

The USA

40
Q

What was the Louisiana purchase?

A

The Louisiana Purchase was an 1803 land deal that involved France selling the Louisiana Territory to the United States.

41
Q

What was the lewis and clark expedition?

A

a federally funded venture to explore the North American West.

42
Q

What was the Embargo act and what did it do?

A

closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain.

43
Q

How did the battle of Tippacanoe start?

A

In 1811, Harrison worried that Tecumseh would attack so he decided to send 1,000 troops to Prophetstown.
Tecumseh heard of Harrison’s approach and sent warriors out to meet him.They came together at a place called Tippecanoe and a battle began.

44
Q

What was the Battle of Lake Erie?

A

The Battle of Lake Erie was a major U.S. naval victory in the War of 1812, ensuring U.S. control over the lake and precluding any territorial cession to Great Britain in the peace settlement.

45
Q

What was the Treaty of Ghent?

A

Ended the Battle of New Orleans.

46
Q

Who was Andrew Jackson

A

7th president of the USA but before was a great US general to the army.

47
Q

Who was James Monroe?

A

5th president of the USA.

48
Q

What is Manifest Destiny?

A

the belief that Americans had the right if not the duty to expand and claim the lands from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

49
Q

What was the Treaty of 1819?

A

Spain gave Florida to the US

50
Q

What is the Tariff of Abomination

A

Congress passed a bill that greatly raised tariffs (taxes) on raw materials and manufactured goods

51
Q

How did people react to the Tariff of Abomination

A

The people were enraged.

52
Q

What is the Doctrine of Nullification?

A

The Doctrine of Nullification said that a state had the right to nullify (reject) a federal law that it considers unconstitutional.

53
Q

What did Andrew Jackson vow to destroy and why?

A

The Second Bank of the United States. Jackson believed that the Second Bank was evil and only helped the rich, not the average man.

54
Q

Why is President Harrison Remebered?

A

He died 1 month after taking office

55
Q

what is the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.

A

Ended the Mexican and American war.

56
Q

What is the Gadsden Purchase?

A

USA bough present day New Mexico and California from Mexico.

57
Q

What was the California Gold rush?

A

a time period where hundreds of thousands of people move to California between 1948 and 1855, seeking their own fortunes by finding gold.

58
Q
A

Social Studies (2 decks)

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