SS - Complex Ions

Question 1

Define complex ion

Answer 1

A metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands

Question 2

Define ligand

Answer 2

Any ion or molecule that forms a coordinate bond with a metal ion

Question 3

What does the coordinate number represent?

Answer 3

The number of coordinate bonds that are formed with the central ion

Question 4

State the structure of a complex ion with 6 coordinate bonds

Answer 4

Octahedral

Question 5

State the structure of most complex ions with 4 coordinate bonds and state the structure of the alternative

Answer 5

Tetrahedral
OR
Square Planar

Question 6

What do ligand bonds form to?

Answer 6

Lone pairs of electrons

Question 7

Define monodentate (unidentate)

Answer 7

Ligands with 1 lone pair of electrons

Question 8

Define Bidentate

Answer 8

Ligands with 2 lone pairs of electrons

Question 9

Define polydentate

Answer 9

Ligands with more than 2 lone pairs of electrons

Question 10

Define ligand substitution

Answer 10

The replacement of one ligand in a coordination complex with another ligand.

Question 11

What physical change does ligand substitution often cause?

Answer 11

Colour change

Question 12

What happens to the coordinate number and shape of a complex ion during ligand substitution when the ligands are of similar sizes?

Answer 12

Neither the coordination number or shape of the complex ions change when the ligands are of similar size

Question 13

What happens to the coordinate number and shape of a complex ion during ligand substitution when the ligands are of different sizes?

Answer 13

There is a chance that the coordination number and shape change when the ligands are of different sizes

Question 14

True or false; the substitution of ligands is always complete

Answer 14

False, sometimes the substitution is only partial