SS (Age of exploration) Flashcards

Trade route to Asia

1
Q

Crusades

A

Holy wars between European Christians and Arab Muslims over the city of Jerusalem

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2
Q

Renaissance

A

era of rebirth in Greek and Roman knowledge and culture

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3
Q

Circumnavigate

A

to go all the way around the globe

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4
Q

Conquistador

A

Spanish explorer; conqueror

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5
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

the trading of goods, plants, and animals between the Old World (Europe, Asia, Africa) and the New World (Americas)

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6
Q

Encomienda System

A

system that allowed Spanish to force Native Americans to work as slaves in mines, on plantations, etc

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7
Q

Northwest Passage

A

a water route through or around North America to get to Asia

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8
Q

What impact did the Crusades have on trade in Europe?

A

Trade between Europe and Asia
Interest in exotic products and the desire for trade routes to Asia

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9
Q

How did each of the new technologies make navigation easier?

A

Astrolabe- gives you latitude based on the position of the stars and other celestial bodies
Compass- tells you what direction you’re going
Caravel- lightweight ship with triangular sails that was faster and easier to maneuver - designed by Portuguese

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10
Q

Why were European countries searching for new trade routes to Asia?

A

Arab traders charged high prices, making the goods more expensive

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11
Q

What was the first European country that found a new trade route to Asia? What was their route?

A

Portugal- went around the southern tip of Africa to get to Asia

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12
Q

Who were the first Europeans to land in the Western Hemisphere and why do they not receive credit for their “discovery”?

A

Vikings landed in Greenland and Newfoundland (Canada) but did not create lasting settlements
Did not have an impact on the world

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13
Q

What impact did Columbus’ first journey have? Why is he credited with discovering the New World?

A

Began the Columbian Exchange- global transfer of goods
Led Spain and other countries to create colonies in the New World

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14
Q

What was the major impact of European colonization on Native population?

A

Large numbers of deaths due to diseases brought by the Europeans and also their violent treatment
Native American culture is largely replaced by European culture

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15
Q

What area was colonized by Spain? What were they hoping to find?

A

New Spain was the majority of South America, Central America, Caribbean, and Southwestern North America
Gold and other resources that would lead to wealth

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16
Q

What was the motto of the Conquistadors?

A

Gold, Glory and God (spread Christianity)

17
Q

How did the Spanish treat the Native Americans? Who objected to this?

A

Made them slaves
Forced conversion to Catholicism
Priest Bartolome de Las Casas wrote to the King hoping he would make a law to protect the Native Americans

18
Q

What group of people were brought into the New World to replace the Native workforce?

A

Slaves from Africa

19
Q

What area was colonized by the French? What were they hoping to establish?

A

New France was in modern-day Canada and some areas of modern-day US
Capital city- Quebec

20
Q

How did French treatment of Native Americans differ from the Spanish? Why is that?

A

French were friendly with Native Americans- they wanted to trade for furs with them
They did not want to change their culture though they did try to convert them to Catholicism

21
Q

Where is New Amsterdam and why did the Dutch create it?

A

Modern-Day New York
Trade with Native Americans

22
Q

What was the important result of the English defeat of the Spanish Armada?

A

Signaled the end of Spanish dominance and began English colonization of North America