New nation

Question 1

What is an inauguration?

Answer 1

ceremony where President takes the oath of office

Question 2

What is a precedent? What are some precedents that George Washington set?

Answer 2

An example set for others to follow
Serving only 2 terms
State of the Union address to Congress once a year
Choosing cabinet members

Question 3

What is a Cabinet?

Answer 3

the heads of the different executive departments that advise the President on important matters

Question 4

Who is Alexander Hamilton?

Answer 4

Secretary of Treasury for George Washington
Part of plan for nation’s economy- tariff, national tax, etc
Wanted to pay off debts from the war
Creates the national bank under his financial plan
Leader of Federalists

Question 5

Who is Thomas Jefferson?

Answer 5

Secretary of State for George Washington
Against the creation of National Bank was unconstitutional
Third President
Leader of Democratic Republicans

Question 6

Explain the disagreement Hamilton and Jefferson had about the creation of the national bank.

Answer 6

Hamilton argued that the National Bank is needed for running the country, collecting taxes, and paying war debt - Elastic Clause gives the ability for it to be created

Jefferson argued that the Constitution did not give anyone the power to create the National Bank and is UNCONSTITUTIONAL and shouldn’t exist

Question 7

What is a Protective tariff?

Answer 7

Proposed by Alexander Hamilton to help American manufacturing
Tax on imported goods
-encourages people to buy American made products

Question 8

Why did the Whiskey Rebellion happen?

Answer 8

Farmers were angry over the tax on liquor (whiskey)
Taxes were imposed to repay foreign and domestic debts
Started a rebellion which turned violent
Washington sent the military to stop the rebellion

Question 9

What was the result of the Whiskey Rebellion and why was it so important?

Answer 9

Showed the new National government had the power to enforce federal laws

Question 10

What is Foreign Policy?

Answer 10

the strategy a country has in dealing with other nations or the relationship we have with another country

Question 11

What foreign policy did Washington suggest for America?

Answer 11

Washington decided US should stay NEUTRAL- not choose sides during the war following the French Revolution

Question 12

What was some advice Washington gave during his farewell address?

Answer 12

Neutrality
American should avoid permanent alliances with any other nation in the world
Don’t form political parties

Question 13

What does it mean to have a strict interpretation of the Constitution?

Answer 13

Government only has the powers specifically listed in the Constitution

Question 14

What does it mean to have a loose interpretation of the Constitution?

Answer 14

Government can do anything unless the Constitution specifically says it can’t - use of Elastic Clause

Question 15

Compare and contrast Federalists and Democratic Republicans.
Disagreements between Hamitlon and Jefferson on how the Constitution should be interpreted led to political parties

Answer 15

Federalists- Hamilton, loose interpretation, National Bank, neutrality, manufacturing most important, wealthy and educated only in government

Democratic Republicans- Jefferson, strict interpretation, National Bank is unconstitutional, side with France, agriculture most important, all citizens involved in the government

Question 16

What happened in the XYZ Affair?

Answer 16

French tried to get $$ from America to stop attacking ships
Makes Adams and Americans VERY angry!
Brought Americans close to war, but Adams refuses

Question 17

What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?

Answer 17

Laws passed by the Federalists during John Adam’s presidency that made it more difficult to become a citizen, allowed the President to
kick out any foreigner, and made it illegal to speak badly against the government
Considered oppressive laws that violated the rights of Americans

Question 18

What did the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions give states the power to do? Why did they want this power?

Answer 18

Nullification- the power for a state to cancel a law passed by Congress if they felt the law was unconstitutional
Would make the states MUCH more powerful

Question 19

What does it mean to nullify?

Answer 19

Legally overturn a federal law

Question 20

What is State’s Rights?

Answer 20

The rights of state to nullify federal laws

Question 21

What does it mean to secede?

Answer 21

To leave

Question 22

Why did Thomas Jefferson want to control the Louisiana Territory?

Answer 22

Western farmers needed control of the Mississippi River to ship goods to New Orleans for trade
France controlled Louisiana, Napoleon wanted to sell for $15 million

Question 23

Who controlled the Louisiana Territory? Why did they sell?

Answer 23

France - leader Napoleon
Needed money to fight his war
Sold it for $15 million

Question 24

Why was Jefferson criticized for the Louisiana Purchase? What was his justification for doing so?

Answer 24

Went against his belief of strict interpretation of the Constitution- buying land is not a power he is given in the Constitution
Said it fell under the umbrella of negotiating treaties with foreign countries

Question 25

What geographic advantage did the United States gain after the Louisiana Purchase?

Answer 25

Control of Mississippi River and port of New Orleans
Doubled the size of the US
Sent Lewis and Clark to explore the land
Sacagawea was a Native American who aided in the journey

Question 26

What were the causes of the War of 1812?

Answer 26

British Impressment of American soldiers
War Hawks pushed for war- said England was giving guns to Native Americans so they could fight
against us

Question 27

What is impressment?

Answer 27

The kidnapping of American sailors and forcing them to serve in the British navy