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Skel Rad > SR4-Benign Bone Tumors > Flashcards

SR4-Benign Bone Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

This tumor is named for it’s radiographic appearance-looks like a vascular aneurysm. It arises in pre-existing lesions (e.g. enchondroma)

A

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (ABC)

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2
Q

ABCs affect what age range?

A

10-30

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3
Q

Do ABCs have a sclerotic rim?

A

NO

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4
Q

One of the unique things about this bone tumor is that it can cross cartilage boundaries! (Epiphyseal plates, joint cartilage, discs)

A

ABC

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5
Q

Spinal ABCs tend to affect the ____ (anterior/posterior) elements of a vertebra

A

Posterior

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6
Q

List the DDXs for a missing pedicle (ALOAN)

A 
Agenesis 
Lytic metastasis
Osteoblastoma
ABC
Neurofibroma
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7
Q

This can be referred to as a “blow-out” tumor. Highly expansile

A

ABC

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8
Q

This bone tumor is also called a Unicameral Bone Cyst

A

Simple Bone Cyst

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9
Q

__-__% of simple bone cysts affect long bones, especially the humerus

A

90-95%

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10
Q

What non-long bone is common for a simple bone cyst?

A

Calcaneus

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11
Q

ABCs and simple bone cysts are considered geographic lesions, type 1__

A

B (non-sclerotic rim)

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12
Q

Simple bone cysts commonly affect ages __-__ and are painless (until path fx)

A

3-20

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13
Q

The _____ sign is common when a path fracture happens due to a simple bone cyst

A

Fallen fragment

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14
Q

The most common benign bone tumor of the SPINE?

A

Hemangioma of Bone

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15
Q

The most common benign bone tumor of the RIBS? (Also very common in proximal femur)

A

Fibrous Dysplasia

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16
Q

The most common benign bone tumor OVERALL?

A

Osteochondroma

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17
Q

The most common benign bone tumor of the HANDS/FEET?

A

Enchondroma

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18
Q

This bone tumor demonstrates “corduroy cloth” appearance in the spine, and “radiating spoke” appearance in the skull

A

Hemangioma of Bone

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19
Q

A hemangioma demonstrates a ___ signal on T1 images, and a ____ signal on T2 images

A

High, high

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20
Q

This is one disorder in a spectrum of disorders known as Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Out of the 3, it has the BEST prognosis (monostotic bone involvement)

A

Eosinophilic Granuloma (EG)

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21
Q

____ in a child is highly suggestive of eosinophilic granuloma

A

Vertebra plana

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22
Q

Skull lesions with a _____ are highly suggestive of EG

A

Beveled edge

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23
Q

Are hemangioma’s painful? Are eosinophilic granulomas?

A

No, yes

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24
Q

In the skull, these lesions have a central “button” sequestrum on radiographs

A

Eosinophilic Granuloma

25
Q

List vertebra plana DDXs (MELT)

A

Mets/myeloma
EG
Lymphoma
Tumor/TB

26
Q

This tumor is borderline between benign and malignant (quasi-malignant). Painful, 85% occur in long bones (50%) in knee region, 5% occur in spine (especially sacrum)

A

Giant Cell Tumor

27
Q

Giant cell tumors are geographic lesions, type 1__. They are also eccentric, soap-bubbly and grow up to the joint margin.

A

C (ill-defined)

28
Q

Giant cell tumors usually affect adults from age __-__

A

20-40

29
Q

A circumscribed focus of cortical (compact) bone within cancellous (trabecular) bone. Usually under 1cm in diameter. Incidental findings.

A

Bone island

30
Q

Bone islands are very common, especially in ____ and ____

A

Femoral neck, pelvis

31
Q

A bone island may have what’s called a ____ border (speculated edge)

A

Brush

32
Q

A bone island would be what color on T1 and T2 MRIs?

A

BLACK

33
Q

What type of metastasis might a bone island be mistaken for?

A

Blastic

34
Q

“Spotted bone disease”

A

Osteopoikilosis

35
Q

A benign growth made up of an abnormal mixture of cells and tissues normally found in the area of the body where the growth occurs.

A

Hamartoma

36
Q

A hamartoma in the skull?

A

Osteoma

37
Q

_____ syndrome is a triad of osteomas, skin lesions, and colon polyps

A

Gardner

38
Q

This is a small, vascular tumor that is PAINFUL (worse at night), and is dramatically relieved by NSAIDS (ibuprofen, aspirin)

A

Osteoid Osteoma

39
Q

Osteoid osteomas affect what age range?

A

10-25

40
Q

A small radiolucency is called a ____

A

Nidus

41
Q

Osteoid osteomas can look like a ____ lesion if they have a central calcification within the lucent nidus

A

“Target”

42
Q

T/F: it is common for osteoid osteomas to trigger solid reactive new bone formation (cortical) around the tumor

A

TRUE

43
Q

In osteoid osteomas, a procedure where a probe is inserted into the nidus and the tumor is heated to kill the cells is known as _____

A

Radiofrequency Ablation

44
Q

This tumor is a GIANT OSTEOID OSTEOMA, but is NOT dramatically relieved by NSAIDS

A

Osteoblastoma

45
Q

__% of osteoblastomas affect the spine (typically, posterior elements)

A

40%

46
Q

This is the most common benign bone tumor (overall) and develops in childhood prior to the closure of the epiphyseal plate

A

Osteochondroma

47
Q

Two types of osteochondroma: a ____ or flat-base, and a ____, or stalked

A

Sessile, pedunculated

48
Q

A pedunculated osteochondroma takes on the appearance of a _____ due to it pointing AWAY from the joint

A

Coat Hanger

49
Q

This type of osteochondroma has a broad base and can be called “Cauliflower exostosis”

A

Sessile

50
Q

The possibility of malignant change in a solitary (single) osteochondroma is about __%

A

<1%

51
Q

_______ is what it is called when there are multiple osteochondromas

A

Hereditary Multiple Exostosis (HME), OR Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas (HMO)

52
Q

Widened femoral necks may be a radiographic sign of?

A

HME/HMO

53
Q

These bone tumors like the hands/feet and exhibit “popcorn” (punctate) calcification. They commonly cause path fx

A

Enchondroma

54
Q

Multiple enchondromas is called ___ disease

A

Ollier’s

55
Q

Ollier’s disease + soft tissue hemangiomas = ___ syndrome

A

Maffucci

56
Q

_____ is the most common malignancy that osteochondromas, or enchondromas turn into

A

Chondrosarcoma

57
Q

The only tumor to arise in the EPIPHYSIS (other arise in metaphysis) is?

A

Chondroblastoma

58
Q

About __% of chondroblastomas are around the knee

A

50%

Skel Rad (26 decks)

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