Spring Final Flashcards
Autosome
Name for ordinary paired chromosome, not a sex chromosome
Carrier
Person that transmits a genetic condition but suffers to symptoms of that condition
Heterozygous
Having dissimilar pairs of genes (Aa)
Homozygous
Having the same pairs of genes (AA or aa)
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype
Appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and environment
Chromosome
Structure of DNA molecules that consists of 2 strands that wind around each other (double helix)
Gene
Basic physical unit of inheritance that is passed from parents to offspring
Meiosis
Cell division used in gamete formation
Mutation
Change in DNA sequence that results from copy mistakes or exposure to radiation, chemicals, or infections
Mendel
Austrian monk who worked out basic laws of inheritance
Inherited
Trait that is genetically determined
Pedigree
Genetic representation of a family tree
Punnett Square
Diagram used to predict probably outcome of a genetic cross
Probability
Likelihood of an occurrence
Allele
Different forms of the same gene
Epigenetics
How genes are turned on or off by their environment
Geneaology
Line of descendant raced continuously from an ancestor
Transverse break
Break occurs at right angles to the long axis of the bone
Spiral break
twisted or circular break that affects the length (suspicion for child abuse), s shaped
Longitudinal break
fracture along the length of the bone
Oblique break
45 degree angle diagonal or slanting that occurs between horizontal and perpendicular planes of the bone
Comminuted break
Splintered into pieces
Impacted break
telescopes or drives one fragment into the other (may be referred to as compression or buckle fracture)
Greenstick break
break through the periosteum on one side while only bowing or buckling on the other side
Stress break
fracture on the cortical surface- can become complete
Avulsion break
small fragment of bone fragments
Complete break
Break through the entire bone
Incomplete break
partial break, no completely through the bone
Open break
open wound or break in the skin near the fracture (may also be referred to as a compound fracture)
Closed break
no open wound
