Spread of Infection Flashcards
if an infection in the maxillary jaw perforates the bone above the insertion of the buccinator what happens and in what space
facial swelling and spread of infection into the buccal space
why is infection less likely to spread palatally
the bone is more dense
if infection in maxillary jaw perforations below the insertion of the buccinator what happens
infection drains into the mouth
if an infection in the maxillary jaw spread upwards into the maxillary sinus what condition will the patient experience
sinusitis
if an infection in the mandibular jaw perforates the bone above the mylohyoid line what space does it go into
sublingual space
if an infection in the mandibular jaw perforates the bone below the mylohyoid line what space does it go into
submandibular space
where is it more common for infection to spread in the posterior and anterior mandible
posterior = lingual
anterior = buccal
where would an infection in a mandibular premolar most likely go
sublingual space
where would an infection in a mandibular molar most likely go
submandibular space
if the infection goes posterior into the masticatory spaces what happens to the muscles
spasm giving trismus
once the infection has spread to the masticatory spaces what spaces can it go to from there
pharyngeal spaces
retropharyngeal space
prevertebral space
how do mandibular infections spread to the cavernous sinus
spread to infratemporal region and then pterygoid venous plexus which corresponds with brain and cavernous sinus
how do maxillary infections spread to cavernous sinus
spread to infraorbital space where the veins are valveless and then flow back to the cavernous sinus
where do upper anterior teeth spread infection to
lip
nasolabial region
lower eyelid
where do upper lateral incisors spread infection to
palatal
where do upper premolars and molars spread infection to
cheek
infratemporal region
maxillary antrum
palate
where do lower anteriors spread infection to
mental and submental space
where do lower premolars and molars spread infection to
buccal space
submasseteric space
sublingual space
submandibular space
lateral pharyngeal space
what is the surgical management of infection
establish drainage
remove source of infection
antibiotic therapy
what are the signs of systemic infection
raised temperature
raised heart rate
raised respiratory rate
raised white cell count
what nerve must you be aware of when incising in the submandibular region and how do you avoid hitting it
marginal mandibular nerve (facial)
go two finger breadths below inferior border of mandible
what is the best way to drain an abscess
put your fingers inside the hole
what is the hilton technique
insert scissors into the abscess and then open them
once you have drained an extra-oral abscess in hospital what should you do
insert drain and suture it in
put dressing on it
what is ludwigs angina
bilateral cellulitis of sublingual and submandibular spaces
what are the features of ludwigs angina
raised tongue
difficulty breathing and swallowing
drooling
diffuse redness and swelling bilaterally in submandibular region
increased heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature and white cell count
what is SIRS
systemically inflammatory response syndrome
what are the features of SIRS you need to check
heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, white cell count
what scoring system is used to assess patients with infection
national early warning score
